After a brief presentation of the major aspects involving supercapacitors, their fundamental aspects were reviewed with special emphasis on recent advances accounting for the electric double layer models proposed for porous carbon-based electrodes containing electrochemically active sub-nanometer pores. Despite these important considerations, the main focus of this review is concerned with the major difficulties found in trying to interpret the electrochemical findings obtained for porous electrodes in the presence and absence of a pseudocapacitance (e.g., Faradaic process) due to presence of distributed and dispersion capacitance effects. In this sense, we present a comprehensive analysis concerned with the misuse of the classic electrochemical methods initially proposed for the study of ideally flat and/or spherical electrodes that are commonly adapted to evaluate the specific capacitance exhibited by porous electrodes. We critically discussed the main pitfalls arising from the incorrect interpretation of the electrochemical findings obtained in the time and frequency domains using different electrochemical characterization methods. For the sake of reuniting our better understanding of the electrochemistry of porous electrodes used in supercapacitors, we investigated the most relevant and recent papers in the field. Finally, we highlight some specific electrochemical methodologies proposed for the study of porous electrodes and some guidelines to establish a laboratory protocol to collect the most relevant information about the supercapacitors are presented.

在简要介绍了涉及超级电容器的主要方面之后，对它们的基本方面进行了回顾，并特别着重考虑了为包含电化学活性亚纳米孔的多孔碳基电极提出的双电层模型提出的双电层模型。尽管有这些重要的考虑因素，但由于存在分散和分散的存在，在试图解释在存在和不存在假电容（例如法拉第法）的情况下对多孔电极获得的电化学结果时发现的主要困难，是本综述的主要重点。电容效应。在这个意义上说，我们提出了与最初为研究理想的扁平和/或球形电极而提出的经典电化学方法的滥用有关的综合分析，这些理想的扁平和/或球形电极通常适用于评估多孔电极表现出的比电容。我们批判性地讨论了使用不同的电化学表征方法对在时域和频域中获得的电化学结果的不正确解释所引起的主要陷阱。为了使我们更好地理解超级电容器中使用的多孔电极的电化学，我们研究了该领域中最相关和最新的论文。最后，