The most important application of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer in industry is its use as a solid lubricant, due to its lack of reactivity with most industrial materials. However, the PTFE polymer has low abrasive resistance that limited its usage. In this research, 0, 2, and 5% of nanoclay were added to PTFE polymer as filler, and properties of the resultant nanocomposites were investigated. For this purpose, the nanoclay was first dissolved in a solution of water and surfactant, and then added into the PTFE. After thoroughly mixing, the cylindrical specimens were produced by cold pressing and heated to 340 °C for 2 h in an atmosphere-protected furnace. EDS analysis, electron scanning microscopy and pin-on-disk wear test were done on nanocomposites. The results of the EDS proved the uniform distribution of nanoclay in the matrix of PTFE. The abrasion test showed that the wear resistance was more than 100 times in the nanocomposite containing 5% nanoclay than PTFE. The investigation of the abrasive particles showed that the particles separated from polymer are longer and thicker than those separated from nanocomposite. By observing the surface of the abrasive pin after the wear test, it became clear that the transfer film from the PTFE polymer was formed on the surface of the abrasive pin and prevented the nanocomposite from the abrasion directly. Therefore, the abrasion mechanism in nanocomposites is “abrasive” due to the surface adhesion.

中文翻译：

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聚四氟乙烯/纳米粘土复合材料作为抗磨化合物

聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）聚合物在工业上最重要的应用是由于它与大多数工业材料缺乏反应性而被用作固体润滑剂。但是，PTFE聚合物的耐磨性低，限制了其用途。在这项研究中，将0、2和5％的纳米粘土作为填料添加到PTFE聚合物中，并研究了所得纳米复合材料的性能。为此，首先将纳米粘土溶解在水和表面活性剂的溶液中，然后添加到PTFE中。充分混合后，通过冷压生产圆柱形样品，并在保护气氛的炉中加热到340°C保持2小时。在纳米复合材料上进行了EDS分析，电子扫描显微镜和针对磁盘的磨损测试。EDS的结果证明了纳米粘土在PTFE基质中的均匀分布。磨损测试表明，在含5％纳米粘土的纳米复合材料中，其耐磨性是PTFE的100倍以上。对磨料颗粒的研究表明，从聚合物中分离出的颗粒比从纳米复合物中分离出的颗粒更长，更厚。通过在磨损测试后观察磨针的表面，可以清楚地看出，在磨针的表面上形成了来自PTFE聚合物的转移膜，从而直接防止了纳米复合材料的磨耗。因此，由于表面粘附性，纳米复合材料的磨损机理是“磨料”。对磨料颗粒的研究表明，从聚合物中分离出的颗粒比从纳米复合物中分离出的颗粒更长，更厚。通过在磨损测试后观察磨针的表面，可以清楚地看出，在磨针的表面上形成了来自PTFE聚合物的转移膜，从而直接防止了纳米复合材料的磨耗。因此，由于表面粘附性，纳米复合材料的磨损机理是“磨料”。对磨料颗粒的研究表明，从聚合物中分离出的颗粒比从纳米复合物中分离出的颗粒更长，更厚。通过在磨损测试后观察磨针的表面，可以清楚地看出，在磨针的表面上形成了来自PTFE聚合物的转移膜，从而直接防止了纳米复合材料的磨耗。因此，由于表面粘附性，纳米复合材料的磨损机理是“磨料”。