A non-enzymatic sensor was developed for simultaneous detection of glucose, ethanol, and glycerol concentrations in wine using nickel nanoparticles on nitrogen-doped graphene, Ni-NGr. The sensor was fabricated from nickel nitrate, graphene oxide, and uric acid via facile thermal annealing process. The Ni-NGr sensor exhibited superior electrocatalytic activity compared with glassy carbon, NGr, and Ni-Gr electrodes. The anodic outputs from cyclic voltammetry for the target analyte sensing were confirmed with square wave voltammetry measurements. The Ni-NGr composite presented outstanding limit of detection (LOD = 1 μM, S/N = 3) and sensitivity for glucose with comparable performance for ethanol and glycerol. The sensor was tested for simultaneous multispecies analysis of commercial wine samples with excellent results in terms of accuracy, stability, and recovery.

Graphical abstract

开发了一种非酶传感器，用于在掺氮石墨烯Ni-NGr上使用镍纳米颗粒同时检测葡萄酒中的葡萄糖，乙醇和甘油浓度。该传感器是由硝酸镍，氧化石墨烯和尿酸通过简便的热退火工艺制成的。与玻璃碳，NGr和Ni-Gr电极相比，Ni-NGr传感器表现出优异的电催化活性。循环伏安法用于目标分析物感测的阳极输出已通过方波伏安法测量得到确认。Ni-NGr复合材料具有出色的检测限（LOD = 1μM，S / N = 3），对葡萄糖的敏感性与乙醇和甘油的性能相当。该传感器经过测试，可同时进行商品葡萄酒样品的多物种分析，在准确性，稳定性和回收率方面均具有出色的结果。

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