Over the past two decades, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with flexible structures or dynamic behavior have shown great potential as functional materials in many fields. This paper presents a review of these dynamic and functional MOFs, which can undergo controllable and reversible transformation, with regard to their application as smart switches. Trigger conditions, which include physical/chemical stimuli (e.g., guest molecules, light, temperature, pressure), are also discussed. Research methods for investigating the dynamic processes and mechanisms involving experimental characterization and computational modeling are briefly mentioned as well. The emphasis is on the aspects of the design and functionalization of dynamic MOFs. The pre-design of metal nodes, organic linkers, and topology, as well as post-modification of components, increases the possibility of obtaining functionalized dynamic materials. Recent advances with regard to potential applications for dynamic frameworks as smart switches for adsorption and sensing are also reviewed.

中文翻译：

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功能化的动态金属有机框架，作为用于传感和吸附应用的智能开关。

在过去的二十年中，具有柔性结构或动态行为的金属有机框架（MOF）在许多领域已显示出作为功能材料的巨大潜力。本文就这些动态和功能性MOF进行了回顾，并对其进行了智能开关的应用进行了可控和可逆的转换。还讨论了触发条件，包括物理/化学刺激（例如，客体分子，光，温度，压力）。还简要介绍了用于研究涉及实验表征和计算模型的动态过程和机制的研究方法。重点是动态MOF的设计和功能化方面。金属节点，有机链接器和拓扑的预先设计，以及组件的后修改，增加了获得功能化动态材料的可能性。还回顾了有关动态框架作为吸附和传感智能开关的潜在应用的最新进展。