It is a great challenge to fabricate polymer nanocomposites with synchronously improved comprehensive performances. Herein fullerene (C₆₀) and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)₂) were reactively modified by grafting of polypropylene (PP) chains, then they were added into PP matrix to construct a catalytic carbonization system. The resultant PP nanocomposites exhibited simultaneous improvements on thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties. The enhanced mechanism on thermal properties was mainly ascribed to the synergistically catalytic carbonization effect of C₆₀/Ni(OH)₂ on delaying the thermal decomposition of PP and forming better carbon layer during combustion. Besides, the trapping radicals of C₆₀ and 3D network structure of nanofillers also were helpful to improve their flame retardancy. Moreover, the improvement on mechanical performances with balanced stiffness and toughness resulted from good dispersion of nanofillers and strong interfacial adhesion between nanofillers and polymer matrix. This work provided a facile and efficient strategy for designing and fabricating high-performance polymer nanocomposites.

制造具有同步改善的综合性能的聚合物纳米复合材料是一个巨大的挑战。在此，通过接枝聚丙烯（PP）链对富勒烯（C ₆₀）和氢氧化镍（Ni（OH）₂）进行反应性改性，然后将它们添加到PP基体中以构建催化碳化系统。所得的PP纳米复合材料同时显示出热稳定性，阻燃性和机械性能的改进。热性能增强的机理主要归因于C ₆₀ / Ni（OH）₂的协同催化碳化作用，延迟了PP的热分解并在燃烧过程中形成了更好的碳层。此外，C ₆₀的捕获自由基纳米填料的3D网络结构也有助于提高其阻燃性。而且，由于纳米填料的良好分散以及纳米填料与聚合物基体之间的强界面粘合性，使机械性能得到了平衡的刚度和韧性。这项工作为设计和制造高性能聚合物纳米复合材料提供了一种简便而有效的策略。