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The role of prolactin in co-ordinating fertility and metabolic adaptations during reproduction.
Neuropharmacology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-10 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107911
Sharon R Ladyman 1 , Eleni C R Hackwell 2 , Rosemary S E Brown 3
Affiliation  

Mammalian pregnancy and lactation is accompanied by a period of infertility that takes place in the midst of a sustained increase in food intake. Indeed, successful reproduction in females is dependent on co-ordination of the distinct systems that regulate reproduction and metabolism. Rather than arising from different mechanisms during pregnancy and lactation, we propose that elevations in lactogenic hormones (predominant among these being prolactin and the placental lactogens), are ideally placed to influence both of these systems at the appropriate time. We review the literature examining the impacts of lactogens on fertility and energy homeostasis in the virgin state, during pregnancy and lactation and potential long-term impacts of reproductive experience. Taken together, the literature indicates that duration and pattern of lactogen exposure is a vital factor in the ability of these hormones to alter reproduction and food intake. Transient increases in prolactin, as typically seen in healthy virgin females and males, are unable to exert lasting impacts. Importantly, both suppression of fertility and increased food intake are only observed following exposure to chronically-elevated levels of lactogens. Physiologically, the only time this pattern of lactogenic secretion is maintained in the healthy female is during pregnancy and lactation, when co-ordination between these regulatory systems emerges. This article is part of the special issue on 'Neuropeptides'.

中文翻译:

催乳素在生殖过程中协调生育力和代谢适应方面的作用。

哺乳动物的怀孕和哺乳期伴随着不育时期,该时期是在食物摄入量持续增加的过程中发生的。实际上,雌性的成功繁殖取决于调节生殖和新陈代谢的不同系统的协调。我们建议,理想的情况是放置促生激素(主要是催乳激素和胎盘促乳激素),而不是在怀孕和哺乳期间产生不同的机制,这是在适当的时候对这两个系统都产生影响的理想位置。我们回顾了检查原始状态下妊娠,哺乳期间泌乳素对生育力和能量稳态的影响的文献,以及生殖经验的潜在长期影响。在一起 文献表明,泌乳素暴露的持续时间和方式是这些激素改变生殖和食物摄入能力的重要因素。催乳素的短暂增加(通常在健康的处女雌性和雄性中可见)无法产生持久的影响。重要的是,只有在暴露于慢性升高的乳原水平后才能观察到生育能力的抑制和食物摄入的增加。从生理学上讲,健康的女性只有在怀孕和哺乳期间才保持这种分泌乳汁的分泌模式,这是因为这些调节系统之间出现了协调。本文是有关“神经肽”的特刊的一部分。正如在健康的处女和男性中通常看到的那样,它们无法产生持久的影响。重要的是,只有在暴露于慢性升高的乳原水平后才能观察到生育能力的抑制和食物摄入的增加。从生理学上讲,健康的女性只有在怀孕和哺乳期间才保持这种分泌乳汁的分泌模式,这是因为这些调节系统之间出现了协调。本文是有关“神经肽”的特刊的一部分。正如在健康的处女男女中通常看到的那样,它们无法产生持久的影响。重要的是,只有在暴露于慢性升高的乳原水平后才能观察到生育能力的抑制和食物摄入的增加。从生理学上讲,健康的女性只有在怀孕和哺乳期间才保持这种分泌乳汁的分泌模式,这是因为这些调节系统之间出现了协调。本文是有关“神经肽”的特刊的一部分。在健康的女性中,只有在怀孕和哺乳期间才保持这种泌乳激素分泌模式,这是因为这些调节系统之间出现了协调。本文是有关“神经肽”的特刊的一部分。在健康的女性中,只有在怀孕和哺乳期间才保持这种泌乳激素分泌模式,这是因为这些调节系统之间出现了协调。本文是有关“神经肽”的特刊的一部分。
更新日期:2019-12-11
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