A paradigm shift in power generation technologies is happening all over the world. This results in replacement of conventional synchronous machines with inertia less power electronic interfaced renewable energy sources (RES). The replacement by intermittent RES, i.e., solar PV and wind turbines, has two-fold effect on power systems: (i) reduction in inertia and (ii) intermittent generation, lead to the degradation of the frequency stability. In modern power system, the frequency regulation (FR) has become one of the most crucial challenges compared to conventional system because the inertia is reduced and both generation and demand are stochastic. The fast responsive energy storage technologies, i.e., battery energy storage, supercapacitor storage technology, flywheel energy storage, and superconducting magnetic energy storage are recognized as viable sources to provide FR in power system with high penetration of RES. The important aspects that are required to understand the applications of rapid responsive energy storage technologies for FR are modeling, planning (sizing and location of storage), and operation (control of storage). This paper comprehensively reviews these important aspects to understand the applications of fast responsive storage technologies more effectively for FR services. In addition, based on the real world experiences this paper highlights the gaps and limitations in the state-of-the-art practices. Moreover, this study also provides recommendations and future directions for researchers working on the applications of storage technologies providing FR services.

发电技术的范式转变正在世界范围内发生。这导致用惯性少的电力电子接口可再生能源（RES）代替了传统的同步电机。间歇性RES的替代，例如太阳能光伏和风力涡轮机，对电力系统有双重影响：（i）惯性降低和（ii）间歇性发电，导致频率稳定性下降。与传统系统相比，在现代电力系统中，频率调节（FR）已成为最关键的挑战之一，因为惯性减小了，并且发电和需求都是随机的。快速响应的能量存储技术，例如电池能量存储，超级电容器存储技术，飞轮能量存储，超导磁储能器被认为是可行的资源，可为电力系统中的FR提供高RES渗透率。理解快速响应能量存储技术在FR中的应用所需的重要方面是建模，计划（存储的大小和位置）和操作（存储的控制）。本文全面回顾了这些重要方面，以更有效地了解快速响应存储技术在FR服务中的应用。此外，基于现实世界的经验，本文重点介绍了最新实践中的差距和局限性。此外，本研究还为从事提供FR服务的存储技术应用的研究人员提供了建议和未来的方向。