Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second common age-related neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by control loss of voluntary movements control, resting tremor, postural instability, bradykinesia, and rigidity. The aim of the present work is to evaluate curcumin, niacin, dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic drugs in mice model of Parkinson's disease through behavioral, biochemical, genetic and histopathological observations. Mice treated with rotenone rerecorded significant increase in adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) gene expression, α synuclein, acetylcholinesterase (AchE), malondialdehyde (MDA), angiotensin-II (Ang-II), c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), caspase-3 (Cas-3) and DNA fragmentation levels as compared with the control group. While, significant decrease in dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), ATP, succinate and lactate dehydrogenases (SDH &LDH) levels were detected. Treatment with curcumin, niacin, adenosine A2AR antagonist; ZM241385 and their combination enhanced the animals' behavior and restored all the selected parameters with variable degrees of improvement. The brain histopathological features of hippocampal and substantia nigra regions confirmed our results. In conclusion, the combination of curcumin, niacin and ZM241385 recorded the most potent treatment effect in Parkinsonism mice followed by ZM241385, as a single treatment. ZM241385 succeeded to antagonize adenosine A2A receptor by diminishing its gene expression and ameliorating all biochemical parameters under investigation. The newly investigated agent; ZM241385 has almost the same pattern of improvement as the classical drug; Sinemet®. This could shed the light to the need of detailed studies on ZM241385 for its possible role as a promising treatment against PD. Additionally, food supplements such as curcumin and niacin were effective in Parkinson's disease eradication.

中文翻译：

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在鱼藤酮诱导的帕金森氏病小鼠模型中，拮抗腺苷A2A受体，姜黄素和烟酸的潜在治疗作用。

帕金森氏病（PD）是第二种常见的年龄相关性神经退行性疾病。它的特点是失去控制的自愿运动控制，静息性震颤，姿势不稳，运动迟缓和僵硬。本工作的目的是通过行为，生化，遗传和组织病理学观察来评估帕金森氏病小鼠模型中的姜黄素，烟酸，多巴胺能和非多巴胺能药物。鱼藤酮治疗的小鼠的腺苷A2A受体（A2AR）基因表达，α突触核蛋白，乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE），丙二醛（MDA），血管紧张素II（Ang-II），c反应蛋白（CRP），白介素6均明显增加（IL-6），caspase-3（Cas-3）和DNA片段水平与对照组相比。同时，多巴胺（DA），去甲肾上腺素（NE），5-羟色胺（5-HT），检测到超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH），ATP，琥珀酸和乳酸脱氢酶（SDH＆LDH）的水平。用姜黄素，烟酸，腺苷A2AR拮抗剂治疗；ZM241385及其组合增强了动物的行为，并以不同程度的改善恢复了所有选定的参数。海马和黑质区域的脑组织病理学特征证实了我们的结果。总之，姜黄素，烟酸和ZM241385的组合在帕金森氏病小鼠中记录了最有效的治疗效果，其次是ZM241385，为单次治疗。ZM241385通过减少其基因表达并改善正在研究的所有生化参数，成功拮抗腺苷A2A受体。新调查的代理商；ZM241385的改良方式几乎与传统药物相同；Sinemet®。这可能为需要对ZM241385进行详细研究提供了可能，因为ZM241385可能作为针对PD的有前途的治疗方法发挥作用。另外，诸如姜黄素和烟酸的食品补充剂在根除帕金森氏病方面有效。