Unhealthy aging is associated with increased adiposity, inflammation and oxidative stress (OS), but the interactions between them have been poorly investigated in people growing old under vigorous lifelong exercise regimens. Therefore, we compared and analyzed the relationships between markers of inflammation, OS and adiposity in master athletes (MA), young (YC) and middle-aged controls (MC). Fifty-nine participants (MA, n = 30, 51.56 ± 8.61 yrs, minimum of 20 yrs of training; YC, n = 17, 22.70 ± 3.92 yrs; MC, n = 12, 45.54 ± 9.86 yrs) underwent body composition measurements, blood sampling for inflammation and OS measurements, and provided information regarding general health and training status. The MA and YC demonstrated higher catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and higher CAT/TBARS (TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and SOD/TBARS ratios. The cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, and their soluble receptors sTNF-RI and sIL-6R were lower in YC compared to MC and MA (p < 0.05). Moreover, MA showed lower levels of sTNF-RI, IL-6 and sIL-6R and higher IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 ratio compared to MC (p < 0.05). The body fat was negatively associated with antioxidant enzymes (CAT: r = -0.448 and SOD: r = -0.413) and IL-10 (r = -0.585) and positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α: r = 0.278; sTNF-RI: r = 0.709; IL-6: r = 0.720: sIL-6R: r = 0.430) (p < 0.05). Further, CAT and SOD activities were inversely associated with inflammatory parameters (sTNF-RI, IL-6 and sIL-6R; p < 0.05). In conclusion, markers of OS and inflammation did not differ between MA and YC and were associated with adiposity. Moreover, MA were leaner than MC, similarly to YC. Thus, lifelong training clearly attenuates inflammation, OS, and adiposity, supporting an attenuated and healthy aging.

中文翻译：

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主要运动员的氧化应激，炎性细胞因子和身体成分：相互作用。

不健康的衰老与肥胖，炎症和氧化应激（OS）的增加有关，但是在有力的终身运动疗法下长大的人中，对它们之间的相互作用的研究很少。因此，我们比较并分析了主要运动员（MA），年轻（YC）和中年对照组（MC）的炎症，OS和肥胖标志物之间的关系。五十九名参与者（MA，n = 30，51.56±8.61岁，至少20岁的训练; YC，n = 17，22.70±3.92岁; MC，n = 12，45.54±9.86岁）进行了身体成分测量，进行炎症和OS测量的血液采样，并提供有关总体健康和训练状态的信息。MA和YC表现出较高的过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，以及​​较高的CAT / TBARS（TBARS：硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质）和SOD / TBARS比率。与MC和MA相比，YC中的细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6及其可溶性受体sTNF-RI和sIL-6R较低（p <0.05）。此外，与MC相比，MA表现出更低的sTNF-RI，IL-6和sIL-6R水平以及更高的IL-10和IL-10 / IL-6比值（p <0.05）。体内脂肪与抗氧化酶（CAT：r = -0.448和SOD：r = -0.413）和IL-10（r = -0.585）负相关，并与促炎细胞因子（TNF-α：r = 0.278）正相关。 ； sTNF-RI：r ＝ 0.709； IL-6：r ＝ 0.720：sIL-6R：r ＝ 0.430）（p ＜0.05）。此外，CAT和SOD活性与炎症参数呈负相关（sTNF-RI，IL-6和sIL-6R； p <0.05）。总之，MA和YC之间OS和炎症的标志物没有差异，并且与肥胖有关。而且，与YC相似，MA比MC更瘦。因此，终生训练可以明显减轻炎症，OS和肥胖，并支持衰老和健康的衰老。