BACKGROUND Urinary proteins could be useful as markers for the detection of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the levels of two different proteins in urine samples from NSCLC patients and assessed their diagnostic value. METHODS Urinary plasminogen (PLG) and fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) levels in 112 NSCLC patients and 197 controls were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of FGG and PLG in 20 NSCLC tissues and paired adjacent non-tumour tissues were detected through immunohistochemistry. The diagnostic value of FGG and PLG for NSCLC was evaluated through a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). RESULTS PLG and FGG were significantly elevated in NSCLC tissues vs paired adjacent non-tumour tissues (p = 0.000) and in urinary samples from NSCLC patients vs healthy controls (p = 0.000). The expression level of PLG in urinary samples was related only to the histological type (p = 0.001). Further, ROC curve analysis revealed that PLG, FGG, and their combination could distinguish NSCLC and its subtypes from healthy controls with an AUC ranging from 0.827 to 0. 947. By comparing urine samples with matching plasma CEA from NSCLC stage I-IV patients (n = 81) and healthy controls (n = 31), the combination of CEA with PLG or FGG showed that the AUC was 0.889 and 0.806, respectively, which is superior to a single biomarker alone. CONCLUSIONS These two urinary proteins could serve as potential markers for the diagnosis of NSCLC.

中文翻译：

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尿纤溶酶原和纤维蛋白原γ链作为非小细胞肺癌的新型潜在诊断标志物的临床意义。

背景技术尿蛋白可以用作检测非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的标志物。我们调查了非小细胞肺癌患者尿液样品中两种不同蛋白质的水平，并评估了它们的诊断价值。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测112例NSCLC患者和197例对照者的尿纤溶酶原（PLG）和纤维蛋白原γ链（FGG）水平。通过免疫组织化学检测FGG和PLG在20例NSCLC组织和配对的非肿瘤组织中的表达。FGG和PLG对NSCLC的诊断价值通过接收器工作特征曲线（ROC）进行评估。结果NSCLC组织与配对的非肿瘤组织相比，PLG和FGG显着升高（p = 0.000），NSCLC患者的尿液样本与健康对照相比，pG和FGG显着升高（p = 0.000）。尿液样本中PLG的表达水平仅与组织学类型有关（p = 0.001）。此外，ROC曲线分析显示，PLG，FGG及其组合可将ACL从0.827到0. 947的NSCLC及其亚型与健康对照区分开。 n = 81）和健康对照组（n = 31），CEA与PLG或FGG的组合显示AUC分别为0.889和0.806，优于单独的单个生物标志物。结论这两种尿蛋白可以作为诊断非小细胞肺癌的潜在标志物。及其组合可将NSCLC及其亚型与健康对照区分开，AUC范围为0.827至0.947。通过比较来自NSCLC I-IV期患者（n = 81）和健康对照（n = 31）的尿样与匹配血浆CEA ），CEA与PLG或FGG的组合显示AUC分别为0.889和0.806，优于单独的单个生物标记。结论这两种尿蛋白可以作为诊断非小细胞肺癌的潜在标志物。及其组合可将NSCLC及其亚型与健康对照区分开，AUC范围为0.827至0.947。通过比较来自NSCLC I-IV期患者（n = 81）和健康对照（n = 31）的尿样与匹配血浆CEA ），CEA与PLG或FGG的组合显示AUC分别为0.889和0.806，优于单独的单个生物标记。结论这两种尿蛋白可以作为诊断非小细胞肺癌的潜在标志物。