Cell cultures are widely used in pharmaceutical, medical, food/nutrition and biological sciences. In food and nutrition science, intestinal cell culture models of human origin are attracting increasing interest but are still rarely used in investigations of the effects of bioactive food compounds on intestinal inflammation. However, such in vitro models would, among other benefits, limit the use of in vivo models and could provide new molecular data.This review is an overview of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) intestinal cell culture models and their potential use in gut inflammation studies. After describing the features of healthy and inflamed intestinal barriers, we describe the main intestinal cell lines (Caco2, HT29, T84) and their use in investigations of the transport and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory potential of some bioactive food compounds. Finally, different co-culture models of gut inflammation, in association with immune cells (PBMC, THP1 and RAW 264.7 cell lines) in both 2D and 3D models are presented. 3D models called organs-on-chips or biochips are the most recent and very promising approach made possible by bioengineering and biotechnological improvements and more accurately mimic the gut microenvironment.

中文翻译：

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肠道体外细胞培养模型及其研究食品成分对肠道炎症的影响的潜力。

细胞培养物广泛用于制药，医学，食品/营养和生物科学。在食品和营养科学中，人类起源的肠道细胞培养模型引起了越来越多的兴趣，但仍很少用于研究生物活性食品化合物对肠道炎症的影响。然而，这种体外模型除其他好处外，还限制了体内模型的使用，并可能提供新的分子数据。这篇综述是二维（2D）和三维（3D）肠道细胞培养模型的概述，它们在肠道炎症研究中的潜在用途。在描述了健康和发炎的肠道屏障的特征之后，我们描述了主要的肠道细胞系（Caco2，HT29，T84）及其在某些生物活性食品化合物的运输和抗氧化/抗发炎潜力研究中的用途。最后，介绍了在2D和3D模型中与免疫细胞（PBMC，THP1和RAW 264.7细胞系）相关的肠道炎症的不同共培养模型。通过生物工程和生物技术改进，更准确地模拟肠道微环境，使得称为芯片上器官或生物芯片的3D模型成为最新且非常有前途的方法。