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Are there gender differences in the severity and consequences of sleep disordered in children?
Sleep Medicine ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1249 Rosemary S C Horne 1 , Chelsea Ong 1 , Aidan Weichard 1 , Gillian M Nixon 2 , Margot J Davey 2
Sleep Medicine ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.1249 Rosemary S C Horne 1 , Chelsea Ong 1 , Aidan Weichard 1 , Gillian M Nixon 2 , Margot J Davey 2
Affiliation
OBJECTIVES
In adults there is a distinct gender difference in the prevalence and severity of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), however there have been limited studies examining the effects of gender in children with SDB. We aimed to compare the effects of gender on severity of SDB, blood pressure, sleep and respiratory characteristics, quality of life, behavior and executive function.
METHODS
We included 533 children aged 3-18 years, who underwent standard pediatric overnight polysomnography (PSG) between 2004 and 2016. Blood pressure was recorded prior to each study. Quality of life, behavior and executive function were assessed with parental questionnaires. Children were grouped by gender and SDB severity based on their obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) into non-snoring controls, Primary Snoring (PS) (OAHI≤1 event/h), Mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (OAHI>1-≤5 events/h) and moderate/severe (MS) OSA (OAHI>5 events/h) and data compared with 2-way ANOVA.
RESULTS
A total of 298 boys and 235 girls were studied. There were no differences in age, BMI z-score, SDB severity sleep characteristics or blood pressure between genders. Diastolic blood pressure was elevated in females with MS OSA compared to males (P < 0.05). Quality of life, behavior and executive function scores were all elevated in the SDB groups compared to controls. Females with MS OSA exhibited more internalizing behavioral problems compared to males (59.2 ± 2.4 vs. 51.4 ± 2.3, P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to studies in adults, we identified no gender differences in the severity or consequences of SDB in children, other than females with moderate-severe OSA exhibiting more internalizing problems and higher diastolic blood pressure.
中文翻译：
儿童睡眠障碍的严重程度和后果是否存在性别差异？
目的在成年人中，睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）的患病率和严重程度存在明显的性别差异，但是，研究性别对SDB儿童的影响的研究有限。我们旨在比较性别对SDB严重程度，血压，睡眠和呼吸特征，生活质量，行为和执行功能的影响。方法我们纳入了2004年至2016年间接受标准小儿夜间多导睡眠监测（PSG）的533名3-18岁的儿童。在每次研究前均记录了血压。生活质量，行为和执行功能通过父母问卷进行评估。根据阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数（OAHI）将儿童按性别和SDB严重程度分组，分为非打nor对照组，原发性打nor（PS）（OAHI≤1事件/小时），与2通方差分析相比，轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）（OAHI>1-≤5事件/ h）和中度/重度（MS）OSA（OAHI> 5事件/ h）和数据。结果总共对298名男孩和235名女孩进行了研究。性别之间的年龄，BMI z评分，SDB严重程度睡眠特征或血压无差异。与男性相比，MS OSA女性的舒张压升高（P <0.05）。与对照组相比，SDB组的生活质量，行为和执行功能得分均得到提高。与男性相比，患有MS OSA的女性表现出更多的内在性行为问题（59.2±2.4对51.4±2.3，P <0.05）。结论与成人研究相反，我们发现儿童SDB的严重程度或后果没有性别差异，
更新日期：2019-12-09
中文翻译：
儿童睡眠障碍的严重程度和后果是否存在性别差异？
目的在成年人中，睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）的患病率和严重程度存在明显的性别差异，但是，研究性别对SDB儿童的影响的研究有限。我们旨在比较性别对SDB严重程度，血压，睡眠和呼吸特征，生活质量，行为和执行功能的影响。方法我们纳入了2004年至2016年间接受标准小儿夜间多导睡眠监测（PSG）的533名3-18岁的儿童。在每次研究前均记录了血压。生活质量，行为和执行功能通过父母问卷进行评估。根据阻塞性呼吸暂停低通气指数（OAHI）将儿童按性别和SDB严重程度分组，分为非打nor对照组，原发性打nor（PS）（OAHI≤1事件/小时），与2通方差分析相比，轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）（OAHI>1-≤5事件/ h）和中度/重度（MS）OSA（OAHI> 5事件/ h）和数据。结果总共对298名男孩和235名女孩进行了研究。性别之间的年龄，BMI z评分，SDB严重程度睡眠特征或血压无差异。与男性相比，MS OSA女性的舒张压升高（P <0.05）。与对照组相比，SDB组的生活质量，行为和执行功能得分均得到提高。与男性相比，患有MS OSA的女性表现出更多的内在性行为问题（59.2±2.4对51.4±2.3，P <0.05）。结论与成人研究相反，我们发现儿童SDB的严重程度或后果没有性别差异，
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