BACKGROUND Investigating the association of the neighborhood social environment on physical activity is complex. A systematic scoping review was performed to (1) provide an inventory of studies assessing the influence of the neighborhood social environment on physical activity since 2006; (2) describe methodologies employed; and (3) formulate recommendations for the field. METHODS Two databases were searched using terms related to 'physical activity,' 'neighborhood,' and 'social environment' in January 2017. Eligibility criteria included: 1) physical activity as an outcome; 2) neighborhood social environment as a predictor; 3) healthy population (without diagnosed clinical condition or special population); 4) observational or experimental design. Of 1352 studies identified, 181 were included. Textual data relevant to the social environment measurement and analysis were extracted from each article into qualitative software (MAXQDA) and coded to identify social environmental constructs, measurement methods, level of measurement (individual vs. aggregated to neighborhood), and whether authors explicitly recognized the construct as the social environment. The following measures were generated for each construct: number of unique measurements; % of times measured at an aggregate level; % of times authors referred to the construct as the social environment. Social environmental constructs were then grouped into larger descriptive dimensions. RESULTS/FINDINGS Fifty-nine social environmental constructs were identified and grouped into 9 dimensions: Crime & Safety (n = 133 studies; included in 73% of studies); Economic & Social Disadvantage (n = 55, 33%); Social Cohesion & Capital (n = 47, 26%); Social Relationships (n = 22, 12%); Social Environment (n = 16, 9%); Disorder & Incivilities (n = 15, 8%); Sense of Place/Belonging (n = 8, 4%); Discrimination/Segregation (n = 3, 2%); Civic Participation & Engagement (n = 2, 1%). Across all articles, the social environment was measured using 176 different methods, was measured at an aggregate-level 38% of the time, and referred to as the social environment 23% of the time. CONCLUSIONS Inconsistent terminology, definitions, and measurement of the social environment and the lack of explicit language identifying constructs as the social environment make it challenging to compare results across studies and draw conclusions. Improvements are needed to increase our understanding of social environmental correlates and/or determinants of physical activity and facilitate cross-disciplinary conversations necessary to effectively intervene to promote physical activity. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42017059580.

中文翻译：

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邻里社会环境和体育活动：系统的范围界定审查。

背景技术调查邻里社会环境与体育活动之间的关联是复杂的。进行了系统的范围界定审查，以（1）提供一份研究清单，以评估自2006年以来邻里社会环境对体育锻炼的影响；（2）描述所采用的方法；（3）提出针对该领域的建议。方法于2017年1月使用与“体育活动”，“社区”和“社会环境”相关的术语搜索了两个数据库。入选标准包括：1）作为结果的体育活动；2）邻里社会环境作为预测指标；3）健康人群（无确诊或特殊人群）；4）观察或实验设计。在确定的1352项研究中，包括181项。从每篇文章中将与社会环境测量和分析相关的文本数据提取到定性软件（MAXQDA）中，并进行编码，以识别社会环境的构成，测量方法，测量水平（个人与汇总到邻域）以及作者是否明确认可了构建为社会环境。为每个构建体生成了以下度量：唯一度量的数量；以总水平衡量的时间百分比；％的时间作者将构建体称为社会环境。然后将社会环境构造分为较大的描述性维度。结果/发现确定了59种社会环境结构并将其分为9个方面：犯罪与安全（n = 133项研究；占73％的研究）；经济的 ＆社会劣势（n = 55，33％）；社会凝聚力和资本（n = 47，26％）；社会关系（n = 22，12％）；社会环境（n = 16，9％）；疾病与不文明行为（n = 15，8％）; 位置感/归属感（n = 8、4％）；歧视/隔离（n = 3，2％）；公民参与和参与（n = 2，1％）。在所有文章中，使用176种不同的方法对社会环境进行了测量，在38％的时间中对社会环境进行了测量，在23％的时间中将其称为社会环境。结论社会环境的术语，定义和度量不一致，并且缺乏明确的语言识别结构作为社会环境，这使得在整个研究中比较结果并得出结论具有挑战性。需要进行改进，以加深我们对与体育活动相关的社会环境因素和/或决定因素的理解，并促进有效干预以促进体育活动所必需的跨学科对话。试用注册PROSPERO CRD42017059580。