Light spectra significantly influence plant metabolism, growth and development. Here, we review the effects of monochromatic blue, red and green light compared to those of multispectral light sources on the morpho-anatomical, photosynthetic and molecular traits of herbaceous plants. Emphasis is given to the effect of light spectra on the accumulation of secondary metabolites, which are important bioactive phytochemicals that determine the nutritional quality of vegetables. Overall, blue light may promote the accumulation of phenylpropanoid-based compounds without substantially affecting plant morpho-anatomical traits compared to the effects of white light. Red light, conversely, strongly alters plant morphology and physiology compared to that under white light without showing a consistent positive effect on secondary metabolism. Due to species-specific effects and the small shifts in the spectral band within the same color that can substantially affect plant growth and metabolism, it is conceivable that monochromatic light significantly affects not only plant photosynthetic performance but also the "quality" of plants by modulating the biosynthesis of photoprotective compounds.

中文翻译：

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单色光环境中植物光合作用过程的可塑性和次生代谢产物的积累：综述。

光谱显着影响植物的新陈代谢，生长和发育。在这里，我们回顾了与多光谱光源相比，单色蓝，红和绿光对草本植物的形态，解剖，光合和分子特性的影响。强调了光谱对次生代谢产物积累的影响，次生代谢产物是决定蔬菜营养质量的重要生物活性植物化学物质。总体而言，与白光相比，蓝光可以促进基于苯丙烷的化合物的积累，而基本上不影响植物的形态解剖学特征。相反，与在白光下相比，红光强烈地改变了植物的形态和生理，而未对次级代谢表现出持续的积极影响。