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Auxiliary in vitro and in vivo biological evaluation of hydrogen peroxide sensitive prodrugs of methotrexate and aminopterin for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115247
Viola Previtali 1 , Katarina Petrovic 1 , Jorge Peiró Cadahía 1 , Nikolaj Sten Troelsen 1 , Mads H Clausen 1
Affiliation  

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes severe joints damage and other extra-articular alterations. Despite the efficacy of low-dose methotrexate (LD-MTX) in RA treatment, adverse effects are the predominant reasons for discontinuation of therapy. As a therapeutic targeting strategy, the presence of increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the inflammatory environment can serve as the stimulus for prodrug activation in site-selective drug delivery systems. Our group has previously reported novel ROS sensitive prodrugs (1-3) of MTX and aminopterin (AMT) for site-selective delivery to inflammatory tissue associated with RA, with the aim of reducing side effects in RA therapy. Herein, we investigate the effect and toxicity of the same prodrugs in a rat CIA (collagen-induced arthritis) model of RA. We find that prodrug 1, an arylboronic acid ROS-sensitive MTX-prodrug, displays similar in vivo efficacy as MTX at an equimolar dose, while avoiding adverse effects known to restrict MTX treatment. To further characterize prodrug 1 and its ROS mediated activation, we synthesized compound 4, a negative control lacking the boronic acid moiety. We then investigated the effect of molecules on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in the presence of the ROS scavenger pyruvate, as well as their stability in buffer and cell media, demonstrating a direct correlation between ROS concentration and the prodrug activity. Moreover, the in vitro ADME properties were investigated, including permeability, rat plasma and microsomal stability.

中文翻译:

甲氨蝶呤和氨蝶呤对过氧化氢敏感的前药在类风湿关节炎治疗中的辅助体内和体外生物学评估。

类风湿关节炎(RA)是一种慢性炎症性疾病,会导致严重的关节损伤和其他关节外改变。尽管低剂量甲氨蝶呤(LD-MTX)在RA治疗中具有疗效,但不良反应是中止治疗的主要原因。作为一种治疗性靶向策略,在炎症环境中存在更高浓度的活性氧(ROS)可以作为定点选择性药物递送系统中前药激活的刺激。我们的研究小组先前曾报道过MTX和氨蝶呤(AMT)的新型ROS敏感前药(1-3),可选择性地递送至与RA相关的炎性组织,目的是减少RA治疗中的副作用。本文中,我们研究了相同的前药在大鼠CIA(胶原蛋白诱发的关节炎)RA模型中的作用和毒性。我们发现前药1,一种对芳基硼酸ROS敏感的MTX前药,在等摩尔剂量下显示出与MTX类似的体内功效,同时避免了已知的限制MTX治疗的不良反应。为了进一步表征前药1及其ROS介导的活化,我们合成了化合物4,这是一种缺少硼酸部分的阴性对照。然后,我们研究了分子在ROS清除剂丙酮酸存在下对细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响,以及它们在缓冲液和细胞培养基中的稳定性,证明了ROS浓度与前药活性之间存在直接关系。此外,还研究了体外ADME特性,包括通透性,大鼠血浆和微粒体稳定性。在等摩尔剂量下显示出与MTX相似的体内功效,同时避免了已知的限制MTX治疗的不良反应。为了进一步表征前药1及其ROS介导的活化,我们合成了化合物4,这是一种缺少硼酸部分的阴性对照。然后,我们研究了分子在ROS清除剂丙酮酸存在下对细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响,以及它们在缓冲液和细胞培养基中的稳定性,证明了ROS浓度与前药活性之间存在直接关系。此外,还研究了体外ADME特性,包括通透性,大鼠血浆和微粒体稳定性。在等摩尔剂量下显示出与MTX相似的体内功效,同时避免了已知的限制MTX治疗的不良反应。为了进一步表征前药1及其ROS介导的活化,我们合成了化合物4,这是一种缺少硼酸部分的阴性对照。然后,我们研究了分子在ROS清除剂丙酮酸存在下对细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响,以及它们在缓冲液和细胞培养基中的稳定性,证明了ROS浓度与前药活性之间存在直接关系。此外,还研究了体外ADME特性,包括通透性,大鼠血浆和微粒体稳定性。缺少硼酸部分的阴性对照。然后,我们研究了分子在ROS清除剂丙酮酸存在下对细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响,以及它们在缓冲液和细胞培养基中的稳定性,证明了ROS浓度与前药活性之间存在直接关系。此外,还研究了体外ADME特性,包括通透性,大鼠血浆和微粒体稳定性。缺少硼酸部分的阴性对照。然后,我们研究了分子在ROS清除剂丙酮酸存在下对细胞增殖和细胞毒性的影响,以及它们在缓冲液和细胞培养基中的稳定性,证明了ROS浓度与前药活性之间存在直接关系。此外,还研究了体外ADME特性,包括通透性,大鼠血浆和微粒体稳定性。
更新日期:2019-12-07
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