DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most toxic DNA lesions given their oncogenic potential. Nevertheless, programmed DSBs (prDSBs) contribute to several biological processes. Formation of prDSBs is the 'price to pay' to achieve these essential biological functions. Generated by domesticated PiggyBac transposases, prDSBs have been integrated in the life cycle of ciliates. Created by Spo11 during meiotic recombination, they constitute a driving force of evolution and ensure balanced chromosome content for successful reproduction. Produced by the RAG1/2 recombinase, they are required for the development of the adaptive immune system in many species. The coevolution of processes that couple introduction of prDSBs to their accurate repair may constitute an effective safeguard against genomic instability.

中文翻译：

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DNA损伤与修复的耦合：DNA双链程序化断裂过程中的基本保障？

鉴于其潜在的致癌性，DNA双链断裂（DSB）是最具毒性的DNA损伤。但是，编程的DSB（prDSB）有助于多种生物学过程。prDSB的形成是实现这些基本生物学功能的“代价”。prDSB由驯化的PiggyBac转座酶产生，已整合到纤毛虫的生命周期中。它们由Spo11在减数分裂重组过程中产生，构成进化的驱动力，并确保平衡的染色体含量以成功繁殖。由RAG1 / 2重组酶产生，它们是许多物种发展适应性免疫系统所必需的。将prDSBs引入与其精确修复相结合的过程的共同进化可能构成针对基因组不稳定的有效保障。