Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent male tumours. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a glycoprotein and, although the role of STC1 in human cancer is poorly understood, it is suggested to be involved in the development and progression of different neoplasms. This study investigated the protein expression profile of STC1 in PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples and STC1 signalling during cell proliferation and cell death in vitro using cell lines. We found higher levels of STC1 in PCa when compared to BPH tissue and that STC1 inhibited forskolin stimulation of cAMP in PC-3 cells. A monoclonal antibody against STC1 was effective in reducing cell proliferation, in promoting cell cycle arrest, and in increasing apoptosis in the same cells. Since STC1 acts as a regulator of prostatic tissue signalling, we suggest that this protein is a novel candidate biomarker for prostate tumour clinical progression and a potential therapeutic target.

中文翻译：

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Stanniocalcin-1蛋白表达谱及其在前列腺癌增殖和细胞死亡途径中的机制。

前列腺癌（PCa）是最普遍的男性肿瘤之一。Stanniocalcin-1（STC1）是一种糖蛋白，尽管对STC1在人类癌症中的作用了解甚少，但建议它与不同肿瘤的发生和发展有关。这项研究调查了PCa和良性前列腺增生（BPH）样品中STC1的蛋白质表达谱，并在体外使用细胞系对细胞增殖和细胞死亡期间的STC1信号进行了研究。我们发现，与BPH组织相比，PCa中的STC1水平更高，并且STC1抑制了PC-3细胞中cAMP的毛喉素刺激。针对STC1的单克隆抗体可有效减少细胞增殖，促进细胞周期停滞并增加相同细胞的凋亡。由于STC1充当前列腺组织信号的调节剂，