Melatonin is an indole amine that interacts with some proteins in mammals, such as calreticulin, calmodulin or sirtuins. In yeast, melatonin is synthetized and interacts with glycolytic proteins during alcoholic fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Due to its importance as an antioxidant molecule in both Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces yeasts, the aim of this study was to determine the intracellular and extracellular synthesis profiles of melatonin in four non-Saccharomyces strains (Torulaspora delbrueckii, Hanseniaspora uvarum, Starmeralla bacillaris and Metschnikowia pulcherrima) and to confirm whether glycolytic enzymes can also interact with this molecule in non-conventional yeast cells. Melatonin from fermentation samples was analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, and proteins bound to melatonin were immunopurified by melatonin-IgG-Dynabeads. Melatonin was produced in a similar pattern in all non-Saccharomyces yeast, with M. pulcherrima and S. bacillaris being the highest producers. However, melatonin only bound to proteins in two non-conventional yeasts, S. bacillaris and T. delbrueckii, which specifically had higher fermentative capacities. Sequence analysis showed that most proteins shared high levels of homology with glycolytic enzymes, but an RNA-binding protein, the elongation alpha factor, which is related to mitochondria, was also identified. This study reports for the first time the interaction of melatonin with proteins inside non-Saccharomyces yeast cells. These results reinforce the possible role of melatonin as a signal molecule, likely related to fermentation metabolism and provide a new perspective for understanding its role in yeast.

中文翻译：

---

褪黑素和糖酵解蛋白的相互作用与酵母的发酵能力有关。

褪黑激素是一种吲哚胺，它与哺乳动物中的某些蛋白质（例如钙网蛋白，钙调蛋白或sirtuins）相互作用。在酵母中，褪黑素在酿酒酵母中酒精发酵过程中合成并与糖酵解蛋白相互作用。由于它在酿酒酵母和非酿酒酵母中均作为抗氧化剂分子的重要性，因此本研究的目的是确定褪黑素在四种非酿酒酵母菌株中的褪黑素的细胞内和细胞外合成谱并确认糖酵解酶是否也可以在非常规酵母细胞中与该分子相互作用。通过液相色谱质谱法分析发酵样品中的褪黑素，褪黑激素-IgG-Dynabeads免疫纯化了与褪黑激素结合的蛋白质。在所有非酵母属酵母中，褪黑激素的产生均类似，其中最高产的是M. pulcherrima和S. bacillaris。然而，褪黑激素仅与两种非常规酵母中的蛋白质结合，即S. bacillaris和T. delbrueckii，它们具有较高的发酵能力。序列分析表明，大多数蛋白质与糖酵解酶具有很高的同源性，但也鉴定出了一种与线粒体有关的RNA结合蛋白，即伸长α因子。这项研究首次报道了褪黑激素与非酵母属酵母细胞内部蛋白质的相互作用。这些结果加强了褪黑激素作为信号分子的可能作用，