Continuous cropping of soybean often causes significant declines in yields of soybean because of the outbreaks of soil-borne fungal diseases. It has been reported that wild crops often harbour a unique microbiome to benefit the host plants. Thus, it is necessary to find the different community structures of the rhizomicrobiomes associated with cultivated and wild soybeans in their continuous cropping. In this study, we simulated monocropping of cultivated and wild soybeans under greenhouse conditions to investigate the rhizomicrobiomes of both soybeans. Results indicated that the bacterial community structure still maintained a changing trend after four continuous planting seasons, while fungal community structure showed a stable trend as indicated by the high similarity in the fungal community structure between the third and fourth planting rotations in both soybeans. In addition, by comparing the continuous cropping of the two soybeans, we found different fungal groups in their rhizospheres between the wild and cultivated soybeans following each passage. Spizellomycetaceae was more highly enriched in the rhizosphere following cultivation of the cultivated soybean, while Chaetomiaceae and Orbiliaceae were more highly enriched in the rhizosphere of wild soybean. Taken together, results of this study suggested that although there was the same trend of stabilized fungal development in the rhizospheres of both soybeans, wild soybean rhizosphere had different fungal groups compared with that of cultivated soybean following their continuous cropping. The findings of this study may provide useful information for the farmers with regard to planting soybean, especially when they consider growing soybean in monoculture.

大豆连作常常因土传真菌病害的爆发而导致大豆产量大幅下降。据报道，野生作物通常含有独特的微生物群，有利于宿主植物。因此，有必要找到与连作大豆和野生大豆相关的根际微生物组的不同群落结构。在这项研究中，我们在温室条件下模拟了栽培大豆和野生大豆的单作，以研究两种大豆的根际微生物组。结果表明，连续四个轮作季节后，细菌群落结构仍保持变化趋势，而真菌群落结构则表现出稳定的趋势，第三轮和第四轮轮作的真菌群落结构具有较高的相似性。此外，通过比较两种大豆的连作，我们发现每次传代后野生大豆和栽培大豆的根际真菌群都不同。栽培大豆栽培后， Spizellomycetaceae在根际富集程度更高，而Chaetomiaceae和Orbiliaceae在野生大豆根际富集程度更高。综上所述，本研究结果表明，尽管两种大豆根际真菌发育稳定的趋势相同，但连作后野生大豆根际与栽培大豆根际真菌群不同。这项研究的结果可能为农民提供有关种植大豆的有用信息，特别是当他们考虑单一种植大豆时。