The competition between order parameters, such as ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and superconductivity, is one of the most fascinating topics in condensed matter physics. Here, we report intriguing anisotropic superconductivity in YBa₂Cu₃O_7 − x films induced by a multiferroic, BiFeO₃, with periodic domain patterns. The anisotropic superconductivity was investigated by transport measurements and supported by phase-field simulations, and then the detailed local electronic structures were revealed by cross-sectional scanning tunneling microscopy. We found that the oxygen redistribution in YBa₂Cu₃O_7 − x modulated by the ferroelectric polarization in BiFeO₃ was the key mechanism driving this anisotropic superconductivity. The presented heteroarchitecture of a high-temperature superconductor and a domain-engineered multiferroic provides a new approach to tune superconductivity and offers potential advantages for the design of future multifunctional devices.

铁电，铁磁和超导等有序参数之间的竞争是凝聚态物理中最引人入胜的主题之一。在这里，我们报道了由多铁性BiFeO ₃诱导的YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _{7-  x}薄膜具有周期性畴模式的各向异性超导性。通过输运测量研究了各向异性超导电性，并通过相场模拟对其进行了支持，然后通过截面扫描隧道显微镜揭示了详细的局部电子结构。我们发现YBa ₂ Cu ₃ O _{7 −  x}中的氧重新分布BiFeO _3中由铁电极化调制的信号是驱动这种各向异性超导的关键机制。提出的高温超导体和域工程多铁性结构的异质结构为调谐超导性提供了一种新方法，并为未来的多功能器件的设计提供了潜在的优势。