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Improvement and use of CRISPR/Cas9 to engineer a sperm-marking strain for the invasive fruit pest Drosophila suzukii.
BMC Biotechnology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 , DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0588-5
Hassan M M Ahmed 1, 2 , Luisa Hildebrand 1 , Ernst A Wimmer 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND The invasive fruit pest Drosophila suzukii was reported for the first time in Europe and the USA in 2008 and has spread since then. The adoption of type II clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) as a tool for genome manipulation provides new ways to develop novel biotechnologically-based pest control approaches. Stage or tissue-specifically expressed genes are of particular importance in the field of insect biotechnology. The enhancer/promoter of the spermatogenesis-specific beta-2-tubulin (β2t) gene was used to drive the expression of fluorescent proteins or effector molecules in testes of agricultural pests and disease vectors for sexing, monitoring, and reproductive biology studies. Here, we demonstrate an improvement to CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing in D. suzukii and establish a sperm-marking system. RESULTS To improve genome editing, we isolated and tested the D. suzukii endogenous promoters of the small nuclear RNA gene U6 to drive the expression of a guide RNA and the Ds heat shock protein 70 promoter to express Cas9. For comparison, we used recombinant Cas9 protein and in vitro transcribed gRNA as a preformed ribonucleoprotein. We demonstrate the homology-dependent repair (HDR)-based genome editing efficiency by applying a previously established transgenic line that expresses DsRed ubiquitously as a target platform. In addition, we isolated the Ds_β2t gene and used its promoter to drive the expression of a red fluorescence protein in the sperm. A transgenic sperm-marking strain was then established by the improved HDR-based genome editing. CONCLUSION The deployment of the endogenous promoters of the D. suzukii U6 and hsp70 genes to drive the expression of gRNA and Cas9, respectively, enabled the effective application of helper plasmid co-injections instead of preformed ribonucleoproteins used in previous reports for HDR-based genome editing. The sperm-marking system should help to monitor the success of pest control campaigns in the context of the Sterile Insect Technique and provides a tool for basic research in reproductive biology of this invasive pest. Furthermore, the promoter of the β2t gene can be used in developing novel transgenic pest control approaches and the CRISPR/Cas9 system as an additional tool for the modification of previously established transgenes.

中文翻译:

CRISPR / Cas9的改进和用途,以为入侵的果蝇铃木果蝇(Drosophila suzukii)设计精子标记菌株。

背景技术入侵性水果害虫铃木果蝇(Drosophila suzukii)于2008年在欧洲和美国首次报道,并从那时开始传播。II型聚簇的规则间隔的短回文重复序列(CRISPR)/ CRISPR相关的(Cas)作为基因组操纵的工具,为开发新的基于生物技术的害虫控制方法提供了新的方法。阶段或组织特异性表达的基因在昆虫生物技术领域中特别重要。精子发生特异的β-2-微管蛋白(β2t)基因的增强子/启动子被用来驱动荧光蛋白或效应分子在农业害虫和疾病载体的睾丸中进行性别,监测和生殖生物学研究。在这里,我们展示了D中基于CRISPR / Cas的基因组编辑的一种改进。铃木并建立一个精子标记系统。结果为了改善基因组编辑,我们分离并测试了小核RNA基因U6的铃木D.内源启动子,以驱动指导RNA的表达和Ds热激蛋白70启动子来表达Cas9。为了进行比较,我们使用重组Cas9蛋白和体外转录的gRNA作为预先形成的核糖核蛋白。我们通过应用先前建立的转基因品系来证明同源性依赖修复(HDR)的基因组编辑效率,该转基因品系无处不在地表达DsRed作为目标平台。此外,我们分离了Ds_β2t基因,并使用其启动子来驱动红色荧光蛋白在精子中的表达。然后通过改进的基于HDR的基因组编辑建立了转基因的精子标记菌株。结论铃木衣原体U6和hsp70基因内源性启动子的部署分别驱动gRNA和Cas9的表达,使得能够有效应用辅助质粒共注射,而不是先前报道的基于HDR的基因组中使用的预先形成的核糖核蛋白。编辑。精子标记系统应有助于在无菌昆虫技术的背景下监测有害生物防治活动的成功,并为这种侵入性有害生物的生殖生物学基础研究提供工具。此外,β2t基因的启动子可用于开发新型转基因害虫控制方法,而CRISPR / Cas9系统可作为修饰先前建立的转基因的附加工具。实现了辅助质粒共注射的有效应用,而不是以前的报告中基于HDR的基因组编辑中使用的预先形成的核糖核蛋白。精子标记系统应有助于在无菌昆虫技术的背景下监测有害生物防治活动的成功,并为这种侵入性有害生物的生殖生物学基础研究提供工具。此外,β2t基因的启动子可用于开发新型转基因害虫控制方法,而CRISPR / Cas9系统可作为修饰先前建立的转基因的附加工具。实现了辅助质粒共注射的有效应用,而不是以前的报告中基于HDR的基因组编辑中使用的预先形成的核糖核蛋白。精子标记系统应有助于在无菌昆虫技术的背景下监测有害生物防治活动的成功,并为这种侵入性有害生物的生殖生物学基础研究提供工具。此外,β2t基因的启动子可用于开发新型转基因害虫控制方法,而CRISPR / Cas9系统可作为修饰先前建立的转基因的附加工具。精子标记系统应有助于在无菌昆虫技术的背景下监测有害生物防治活动的成功,并为这种侵入性有害生物的生殖生物学基础研究提供工具。此外,β2t基因的启动子可用于开发新型转基因害虫控制方法,而CRISPR / Cas9系统可作为修饰先前建立的转基因的附加工具。精子标记系统应有助于在无菌昆虫技术的背景下监测有害生物防治活动的成功,并为这种侵入性有害生物的生殖生物学基础研究提供工具。此外,β2t基因的启动子可用于开发新型转基因害虫控制方法,而CRISPR / Cas9系统可作为修饰先前建立的转基因的附加工具。
更新日期:2020-04-22
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