Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a blood cancer characterized by acquired genetic mutations. There is great interest in accurately establishing measurable residual disease (MRD) burden in AML patients in remission after treatment but at risk of relapse. However, inter- and intrapatient genetic diversity means that, unlike in the chronic myeloid and acute promyelocytic leukaemias, no single genetic abnormality is pathognomonic for all cases of AML MRD. Next-generation sequencing offers the opportunity to test broadly and deeply for potential genetic evidence of residual AML, and while not currently accepted for such use clinically, is likely to be increasingly used for AML MRD testing in the future.

中文翻译：

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下一代测序可用于检测急性髓细胞性白血病中的残留疾病。

急性髓细胞性白血病（AML）是一种以获得性遗传突变为特征的血液癌症。在治疗后缓解但有复发风险的AML患者中，准确建立可测量的残留疾病（MRD）负担引起了极大的兴趣。但是，患者间和患者内的遗传多样性意味着，与慢性粒细胞白血病和急性早幼粒细胞白血病不同，对于所有AML MRD病例，没有单一的遗传异常是致病的。下一代测序提供了广泛而深入地测试残留AML潜在遗传证据的机会，尽管目前尚不被临床认可用于此类用途，但未来可能会越来越多地用于AML MRD测试。