In this study, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) was used to dispose the penicillin sludge (PS). The effects of different reaction conditions on the product and the redistribution and transformation pathway of nitrogen were investigated. The results showed that the highest yield of bio-oil was 37.5% when the temperature of HTL was 340 °C and the holding time was 30 min. About 20% of the nitrogen was present in the solid residue obtained by HTL of PS, and the remaining was converted into other phases. The most amino-N in the PS was present in the aqueous phase in the form of Org-N, and the remaining was converted to pyrrole-N, pyridine-N and quaternary-N in the solid residue. The amine-N in the oil phase was also derived from the hydrolysis of the amino nitrogen. As the temperature of the HTL increased, the amine-N formed a heterocycle-n by Diels- Alder reaction.

在这项研究中，水热液化（HTL）用于处理青霉素污泥（PS）。研究了不同反应条件对产物的影响以及氮的再分布和转化途径。结果表明，当HTL温度为340°C，保温时间为30 min时，生物油的最高收率为37.5％。通过PS的HTL获得的固体残留物中存在约20％的氮，其余的转化为其他相。PS中最多的氨基N以Org-N的形式存在于水相中，其余的则在固体残留物中转化为吡咯N，吡啶N和季N。油相中的胺-N也源自氨基氮的水解。随着HTL温度的升高，