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Bioaccessibility of nickel and cobalt in synthetic gastric and lung fluids and its potential use in alloy classification.
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104549 Katherine E Heim 1 , Ruth Danzeisen 2 , Violaine Verougstraete 3 , Frédéric Gaidou 4 , Tony Brouwers 5 , Adriana R Oller 1
Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ( IF 3.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2019.104549 Katherine E Heim 1 , Ruth Danzeisen 2 , Violaine Verougstraete 3 , Frédéric Gaidou 4 , Tony Brouwers 5 , Adriana R Oller 1
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This study investigated nickel and cobalt ion release from the metals and several alloys in synthetic gastric, as well as interstitial and lysosomal lung fluids. Results were used to calculate the relative bioaccessible concentrations (RBCs) of the metals. Nickel release from SS 316L powder in gastric fluid was >300-fold lower than from a simple mixture of powders of the same bulk composition. Gastric bioaccessibility data showed 50-fold higher metal releases per gram of sample from powder than massive forms. RBCs of nickel and cobalt in the alloy powders were lower, equal, or higher in all fluids tested than their bulk concentrations. This illustrates the fact that matrix effects can increase or decrease the metal ion release, depending on the metal ingredients, alloy type, and fluid, consistent with research by others. Acute inhalation toxicity studies with cobalt-containing alloy powders showed that the RBC of cobalt in interstitial lung fluid predicted acute toxicity better than bulk concentration. This example indicates that the RBC of a metal in an alloy may estimate the concentration of bioavailable metals better than the bulk concentration, and the approach may provide a means to refine the classification of alloys for several human health endpoints.
中文翻译：
镍和钴在合成胃液和肺液中的生物可及性及其在合金分类中的潜在用途。
这项研究调查了合成胃液以及间质和溶酶体肺液中金属和几种合金中镍和钴离子的释放。结果用于计算金属的相对生物可及浓度（RBC）。SS 316L粉末在胃液中的镍释放量比相同散装成分的简单粉末混合物中的镍释放量低300倍以上。胃的生物可及性数据显示，粉末中每克样品的金属释放量比大规模释放的金属释放量高50倍。合金粉末中镍和钴的RBC在所有测试流体中均低于其总体浓度。这说明了一个事实，即基体效应会根据金属成分，合金类型和流体的不同而增加或减少金属离子的释放，这与其他研究一致。用含钴的合金粉末进行的急性吸入毒性研究表明，间质性肺液中钴的RBC预测的急性毒性优于总浓度。此示例表明，合金中金属的RBC可以比整体浓度更好地估计生物可利用金属的浓度，并且该方法可以提供一种手段，可以针对几种人类健康终点改进合金的分类。
更新日期：2019-12-05
中文翻译：
镍和钴在合成胃液和肺液中的生物可及性及其在合金分类中的潜在用途。
这项研究调查了合成胃液以及间质和溶酶体肺液中金属和几种合金中镍和钴离子的释放。结果用于计算金属的相对生物可及浓度（RBC）。SS 316L粉末在胃液中的镍释放量比相同散装成分的简单粉末混合物中的镍释放量低300倍以上。胃的生物可及性数据显示，粉末中每克样品的金属释放量比大规模释放的金属释放量高50倍。合金粉末中镍和钴的RBC在所有测试流体中均低于其总体浓度。这说明了一个事实，即基体效应会根据金属成分，合金类型和流体的不同而增加或减少金属离子的释放，这与其他研究一致。用含钴的合金粉末进行的急性吸入毒性研究表明，间质性肺液中钴的RBC预测的急性毒性优于总浓度。此示例表明，合金中金属的RBC可以比整体浓度更好地估计生物可利用金属的浓度，并且该方法可以提供一种手段，可以针对几种人类健康终点改进合金的分类。
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