This paper reviews various pitfalls observed during developing, validation, application, and interpretation of drug testing approaches using GC–MS and low‐ and high‐resolution LC–MS. They include sampling and storage of body samples, sample adulteration and contamination, analyte stability, sample preparation without or with cleavage of conjugates, extraction, derivatization, internal standardization, false negative and positive results by GC–MS or LC–MS screening and/or confirmation procedures including artifact formation, ion suppression or enhancement by electrospray ionization, and finally pitfalls in data interpretation. Conclusions and prospects close the Tutorial.

中文翻译：

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联用低分辨和高分辨率质谱法在药物测试中的缺陷。

本文回顾了在使用GC-MS以及低分辨率和高分辨率LC-MS进行药物测试方法的开发，验证，应用和解释期间观察到的各种陷阱。其中包括人体样本的采样和存储，掺假和污染的样本，分析物的稳定性，不进行或不进行结合物裂解的样本制备，提取，衍生化，内部标准化，GC-MS或LC-MS筛选和/或假阴性和阳性结果确认程序包括伪影形成，离子抑制或电喷雾电离增强，最后是数据解释上的陷阱。结论和前景关闭了本教程。