Objectives

In 2017 the WHO published a global priority list of 12 antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in urgent need of new antibiotics. We aimed to identify and assess publicly accessible mandatory surveillance systems and outbreaks reporting for these pathogens in the 28 European Union and four European Free Trade Association member states.

Methods

Compulsory reporting was mapped by reviewing national documents without applying language restrictions and through expert consultation. Information on surveillance targets, indicators, metrics and dissemination modalities was extracted and a qualitative assessment was performed for open access systems only.

Results

Twenty-one countries (66%) had a mandate to survey at least one among the 12 WHO priority pathogens; 15 provided access to surveillance frameworks. These systems covered most frequently carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales (12; 38%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (12; 38%), and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (8; 25%). None of the European countries required reporting of resistance in Salmonella, Campylobacter, Helicobacter pylori and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. High heterogeneity was observed in data collection, reporting and dissemination among countries with clinical outcomes and risk factors being reported in less than half (22% and 25%). Only six countries (19%) implemented mandatory surveillance of outbreaks due to at least one WHO priority pathogen.

Conclusions

Our review shows that despite the increasing burden of ARB on the European population, very few countries implemented mandatory surveillance and outbreak reporting of the WHO priority pathogens. International efforts are needed to define the effectiveness of implementing mandatory reporting of these pathogens and to assess their role in reducing the spread of ARB in health-care and community settings.

中文翻译：

---

在欧洲国家对世界卫生组织的优先病原体进行强制性监测和暴发报告，以研究和发现新的抗生素。

目标

2017年，世卫组织发布了急需新抗生素的12种抗药性细菌（ARB）的全球优先清单。我们旨在确定和评估28个欧盟国家和四个欧洲自由贸易协会成员国中可公开获取的强制性监测系统以及这些病原体的暴发报告。

方法

通过不使用语言限制的国家文档进行审查并通过专家咨询来确定强制性报告的位置。提取了有关监测目标，指标，指标和传播方式的信息，并且仅对开放访问系统进行了定性评估。

结果

有二十一个国家（占66％）的任务是调查12种世卫组织重点病原体中的至少一种。15提供了访问监视框架的途径。这些系统覆盖最常见的对碳青霉烯类耐药的肠杆菌（12; 38％），对甲氧西林耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌（12; 38％）和对万古霉素耐药的肠球菌（8; 25％）。没有欧洲国家要求报告沙门氏菌，弯曲杆菌，幽门螺杆菌和淋病奈瑟菌的耐药性。在国家间的数据收集，报告和传播中观察到高度异质性，报告的临床结果和危险因素不到一半（22％和25％）。只有六个国家（19％）对由于至少一种世卫组织优先病原体而爆发的疫情进行了强制性监测。

结论

我们的审查表明，尽管ARB给欧洲人口增加了负担，但很少有国家对WHO的主要病原体进行强制性监测和暴发报告。需要做出国际努力来确定对这些病原体实施强制性报告的有效性，并评估其在减少ARB在医疗保健和社区环境中的传播中的作用。