In the last decades, improvements in different aspects of sanitation, medical care, and nutrition, among others, have permitted an increase in the average lifespan of human population around the world. These advances have stimulated an increased interest in the study of the aging process and age-sensitive characteristics, such as the microbial community that colonizes the human body (microbiome). The human microbiome is composed of bacteria (bacteriome), archaea (archaeome), fungi (mycobiome), and viruses (virome). To date, research has mainly been centered on the composition of the bacteriome, with other members remain poorly studied. Interestingly, changes in the composition of the microbiome have been implicated in aging and age-related diseases. Therefore, in the present perspective, we suggest expanding the scope to research to include the role and the possible associations that the other members of the microbiome could have in the aging organism. An expanded view of the microbiome would increase our knowledge of the physiology of aging and may be particularly valuable for the treatment and diagnosis of age-related diseases.

中文翻译：

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人类病毒，霉菌组和古细菌考古学的未探索世界。

在过去的几十年中，卫生，医疗和营养等各个方面的改善，使世界各地人口的平均寿命得以延长。这些进展激发了人们对衰老过程和对年龄敏感的特征的研究的兴趣，例如对殖民化人体的微生物群落（微生物组）的关注。人类微生物组由细菌（细菌组），古细菌（古细菌组），真菌（真菌组）和病毒（病毒组）组成。迄今为止，研究主要集中在细菌组的组成上，其他成员的研究仍很不足。有趣的是，微生物组组成的变化与衰老和与年龄有关的疾病有关。因此，从目前的角度来看，我们建议扩大研究范围，以包括微生物组其他成员在衰老生物中的作用和可能的关联。微生物组的扩展视野将增加我们对衰老生理的知识，对于治疗和诊断与年龄有关的疾病可能特别有价值。