OBJECTIVE To investigate the immunological characteristics and their clinical relevance in anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG-associated and anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG-associated disorders (MOGAD and AQPAD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS We measured peripheral blood helper T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T cell (Treg)) in patients with MOGAD (n=26), AQPAD (n=32) and MS (n=28) in the attack and remission phases by flow cytometry with intracellular cytokine staining. We also studied their correlation with clinical parameters. Ten normal subjects served as healthy controls. RESULTS In all the three disorders, Th17 significantly increased at attack, and downregulated in the remission phases, although still elevated compare with healthy controls. MOGAD and AQPAD patients shared the common T cell profiles, while the extent of Th17 shift was more prominent in AQPAD. Patients with MS showed decreased Th2 than ones with MOGAD and AQPAD at attack. In terms of clinical correlation, MS patients showed that higher Th1 and Th17 proportion was associated with more frequent relapse and more severe clinical disability, whereas in MOGAD, higher Treg was associated with milder clinical severity. In AQPAD, no obvious correlation of Th profiles with clinical manifestation was found. CONCLUSIONS The present study first investigated intracellular cytokine levels among MOGAD, AQPAD and MS. The different patterns and extent of helper T cell profiles could reflect the pathogenesis of each disorders, and may affect disease severity and activity.

中文翻译：

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在与MOG-IgG相关和与AQP4-IgG相关的疾病和MS中，外周血辅助T细胞谱及其临床相关性。

目的探讨抗髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白（MOG）-IgG相关和抗水通道蛋白-4（AQP4）-IgG相关疾病（MOGAD和AQPAD）和多发性硬化症（MS）的免疫学特征及其临床意义。方法我们测量了发作期和发作期MOGAD（n = 26），AQPAD（n = 32）和MS（n = 28）患者的外周血辅助T细胞亚群（Th1，Th2，Th17和调节性T细胞（Treg））。通过流式细胞术与细胞内细胞因子染色的缓解期。我们还研究了它们与临床参数的相关性。十名正常受试者作为健康对照。结果在所有三种疾病中，尽管与健康对照组相比，Th17在发作时显着增加，而在缓解期却被下调。MOGAD和AQPAD患者拥有共同的T细胞特征，而在AQPAD中Th17移位的程度更为突出。MS患者在发作时显示Th2降低，而MOGAD和AQPAD患者下降。就临床相关性而言，MS患者显示较高的Th1和Th17比例与更频繁的复发和更严重的临床残疾相关，而在MOGAD中，较高的Treg与较轻的临床严重度相关。在AQPAD中，未发现Th谱图与临床表现有明显的相关性。结论本研究首先研究了MOGAD，AQPAD和MS之间的细胞内细胞因子水平。辅助性T细胞谱的不同模式和程度可能反映每种疾病的发病机制，并可能影响疾病的严重程度和活动。MS患者在发作时显示Th2降低，而MOGAD和AQPAD患者下降。就临床相关性而言，MS患者显示较高的Th1和Th17比例与更频繁的复发和更严重的临床残疾相关，而在MOGAD中，较高的Treg与较轻的临床严重度相关。在AQPAD中，未发现Th谱与临床表现有明显的相关性。结论本研究首先研究了MOGAD，AQPAD和MS之间的细胞内细胞因子水平。辅助性T细胞谱的不同模式和程度可能反映每种疾病的发病机制，并可能影响疾病的严重程度和活动。MS患者在发作时显示Th2降低，而MOGAD和AQPAD患者下降。就临床相关性而言，MS患者显示较高的Th1和Th17比例与更频繁的复发和更严重的临床残疾相关，而在MOGAD中，较高的Treg与较轻的临床严重度相关。在AQPAD中，未发现Th谱图与临床表现有明显的相关性。结论本研究首先研究了MOGAD，AQPAD和MS之间的细胞内细胞因子水平。辅助性T细胞谱的不同模式和程度可能反映每种疾病的发病机制，并可能影响疾病的严重程度和活动。而在MOGAD中，较高的Treg与较轻的临床严重程度有关。在AQPAD中，未发现Th谱图与临床表现有明显的相关性。结论本研究首先研究了MOGAD，AQPAD和MS之间的细胞内细胞因子水平。辅助性T细胞谱的不同模式和程度可能反映每种疾病的发病机制，并可能影响疾病的严重程度和活动。而在MOGAD中，较高的Treg与较轻的临床严重程度有关。在AQPAD中，未发现Th谱图与临床表现有明显的相关性。结论本研究首先研究了MOGAD，AQPAD和MS之间的细胞内细胞因子水平。辅助性T细胞谱的不同模式和程度可能反映每种疾病的发病机制，并可能影响疾病的严重程度和活动。