Novel squaramide-based ionic liquids (SAILs) were first presented through properly molecular structure design. They were successfully applied to the cycloaddition of CO₂ and epoxide to form cyclic carbonate as single-component catalyst. The catalytic behaviors of SAILs with different structures were thoroughly studied for the cycloaddition reaction. The squaramide groups were easy to form strong hydrogen bonds with oxygen atoms of epoxide, leading to an intensive activation of the epoxide. Under the optimum reaction conditions, good to excellent product yields with satisfactory selectivities were obtained. The structure-designed catalyst was easily recovered and showed excellent reusability with no significant loss of catalytic activity after six cycles. An insight into the synergistic catalytic mechanism deriving from the multiple hydrogen bond donors and bromine anions was proposed. The new strategy helps to solve the problems of cocatalyst/nucleophile leaching and complex separation/purification existed in binary organocatalysts. The multiple hydrogen bond catalysis shows a green and promising alternative to Lewis acid catalysis in the relevant CO₂ conversion applications.

通过适当的分子结构设计，首次提出了基于方胺的新型离子液体（SAIL）。它们已成功应用于CO ₂的环加成反应与环氧化物形成环状碳酸酯作为单组分催化剂。深入研究了具有不同结构的SAILs的催化加成反应。方酰胺基易于与环氧化物的氧原子形成强氢键，从而导致环氧化物的强烈活化。在最佳反应条件下，可获得令人满意的选择性的良好至优异的产物收率。结构设计的催化剂易于回收，在六个循环后显示出极好的可重复使用性，且催化活性没有明显损失。提出了对来自多个氢键供体和溴阴离子的协同催化机理的见解。该新策略有助于解决二元有机催化剂中助催化剂/亲核试剂浸出和复杂分离/纯化的问题。在相关的CO中，多重氢键催化显示出路易斯酸催化的绿色和有前途的替代方法₂转换应用程序。