AIMS/HYPOTHESIS To understand the complex metabolic changes that occur long before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, we investigated differences in metabolomic profiles in plasma between prediabetic and normoglycaemic individuals for subtypes of prediabetes defined by fasting glucose, 2 h glucose and HbA1c measures. METHODS Untargeted metabolomics data were obtained from 155 plasma samples from 127 Mexican American individuals from Starr County, TX, USA. None had type 2 diabetes at the time of sample collection and 69 had prediabetes by at least one criterion. We tested statistical associations of amino acids and other metabolites with each subtype of prediabetes. RESULTS We identified distinctive differences in amino acid profiles between prediabetic and normoglycaemic individuals, with further differences in amino acid levels among subtypes of prediabetes. When testing all named metabolites, several fatty acids were also significantly associated with 2 h glucose levels. Multivariate discriminative analyses show that untargeted metabolomic data have considerable potential for identifying metabolic differences among subtypes of prediabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION People with each subtype of prediabetes have a distinctive metabolomic signature, beyond the well-known differences in branched-chain amino acids. DATA AVAILABILITY Metabolomics data are available through the NCBI database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP, accession number phs001166; www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs001166.v1.p1).

中文翻译：

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美国德克萨斯州斯塔尔县墨西哥裔美国人中与糖尿病前期亚型相关的代谢组学特征。


目的/假设为了了解 2 型糖尿病诊断之前很久发生的复杂代谢变化，我们研究了糖尿病前期和血糖正常个体之间血浆代谢组谱的差异，以了解通过空腹血糖、2 小时血糖和 HbA1c 测量值定义的糖尿病前期亚型。方法 从美国德克萨斯州斯塔尔县 127 名墨西哥裔美国人的 155 个血浆样本中获得非靶向代谢组学数据。在样本采集时，没有人患有 2 型糖尿病，根据至少一项标准，69 人患有糖尿病前期。我们测试了氨基酸和其他代谢物与每种糖尿病前期亚型的统计关联。结果我们发现糖尿病前期和血糖正常个体之间的氨基酸谱存在显着差异，并且糖尿病前期亚型之间的氨基酸水平存在进一步差异。当测试所有指定的代谢物时，一些脂肪酸也与 2 小时葡萄糖水平显着相关。多变量判别分析表明，非目标代谢组学数据对于识别糖尿病前期亚型之间的代谢差异具有相当大的潜力。结论/解释 除了众所周知的支链氨基酸差异外，患有每种糖尿病前期亚型的人都具有独特的代谢组学特征。数据可用性 代谢组学数据可通过 NCBI 基因型和表型数据库获得（dbGaP，登录号 phs001166；www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/gap/cgi-bin/study.cgi?study_id=phs001166.v1.p1 ）。