The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the efficacy of language training, alone or in combination with non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, designed to improve oral and written naming abilities in Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), and to investigate whether gains can be maintained over time and generalize to untrained items. An electronic database search was conducted up to 31st of May 2019. Forty-three articles on language training alone and seven articles on the combined treatment fitted the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Results indicated that language training, alone or in combination with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), improves oral naming accuracy for trained items in patients with PPA, with a long-term maintenance of the gain over time. Only language training combined with tDCS improves oral naming accuracy for untrained items. Considering written naming abilities, language training combined with tDCS improves performance for both trained and untrained items, immediately after training and at follow-up.

中文翻译：

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语言培训和非侵入性脑刺激对原发性进行性失语症口语和书面命名表现的有效性：一项荟萃分析和系统评价。

本系统综述和荟萃分析的目的是单独或结合非侵入性脑刺激技术来检查语言训练的功效，旨在提高原发性失语症（PPA）的口头和书面命名能力，并进行调查收益能否随着时间的流逝而得以维持并推广到未经培训的项目。截至2019年5月31日，进行了电子数据库搜索。仅语言培训的文章就有43篇，综合治疗的文章有7篇符合系统评价的纳入标准。结果表明，单独或结合经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）进行语言培训可提高PPA患者受训项目的口头命名准确性，并长期保持收益。只有将语言培训与tDCS结合使用才能提高未经培训的项目的口头命名准确性。考虑到书面命名能力，将语言培训与tDCS结合使用，可以在培训后和随访后立即提高受训和未经培训项目的性能。