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Prevention of Recurrence After Recovery From a Major Depressive Episode With Antidepressant Medication Alone or in Combination With Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Phase 2 of a 2-Phase Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA Psychiatry ( IF 25.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-04 , DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3900
Robert J DeRubeis 1 , John Zajecka 2 , Richard C Shelton 3, 4 , Jay D Amsterdam 5 , Jan Fawcett 6 , Colin Xu 1 , Paula R Young 2 , Robert Gallop 7 , Steven D Hollon 8
Affiliation  

Importance Antidepressant medication treatment is associated with the prevention of depressive recurrence in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), but whether cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment is associated with recurrence prevention remains unclear. Objective To determine the effects of combining CBT with antidepressant medications on the prevention of depressive recurrence when antidepressant medications are withdrawn or maintained after recovery in patients with MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants A total of 292 adult outpatients with chronic or recurrent MDD who had previously participated in phase 1 and had recovered from a chronic or recurrent major depressive episode with antidepressant medication treatment alone or in combination with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in phase 1 participated in a phase 2 trial conducted in research clinics in 3 university medical centers in the United States. Patients in phase 2 were randomized to receive maintenance or withdrawal of treatment with antidepressant medications and were followed for 3 years. The first patient entered phase 2 in August 2003, and the last patient to enter phase 2 began in October 2009. The last patient completed phase 2 in August 2012. Data were analyzed from December 2013 to December 2018. Interventions Maintenance of or withdrawal from treatment with antidepressant medications. Main Outcomes and Measures Recurrence of an MDD episode using longitudinal interval follow-up evaluations and sustained recovery. Results A total of 292 participants (171 women and 121 men; mean [SD] age, 45.1 [12.9] years) were included in the analyses of depressive recurrence. Antidepressant medication maintenance was associated with lower rates of recurrence compared with medication withdrawal regardless of whether patients had achieved recovery with monotherapy treatment in phase 1 (48.5% with medication maintained vs 74.8% with medication withdrawn; z = -3.16; P = .002; number needed to treat [NNT], 2.8; 95% CI, 1.8-7.0) or combination therapy treatment (48.5% with medication maintained vs 76.7% with medication withdrawn; z = -3.49; P < .001; NNT, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.9-5.9). Maintenance vs withdrawal of medication was associated with sustained recovery rates (z = 2.90; P = .004; odds ratio [OR], 2.54; 95% CI, 1.37-4.84; NNT, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5-6.4). The interaction of phase 1 and phase 2 treatment conditions also did not have a significant association with sustained recovery (z = 0.30; P = .77; OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.49-2.88). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, maintenance monotherapy was associated with reduced rates of depressive recurrence. When CBT was provided in the absence of monotherapy treatment, a preventive effect on depressive relapse was noted. Whether CBT treatment has a similar effect on depressive recurrence or if adding monotherapy treatment interferes with any such preventive effect remains unclear. Trial Registration ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT00057577.

中文翻译:

单独使用抗抑郁药或与认知行为疗法联合使用可从重大抑郁发作中恢复后预防复发:两阶段随机临床试验的第二阶段。

重要性抗抑郁药物治疗与预防重度抑郁症(MDD)的抑郁症复发相关,但是尚不清楚认知行为疗法(CBT)治疗是否与复发预防相关。目的探讨CBT与抗抑郁药联合使用对预防或恢复MDD患者恢复抗抑郁药后预防抑郁复发的作用。设计,设置,和参与者共有292名成年慢性或复发性MDD门诊患者,这些患者先前曾参与过第1阶段,并在第1阶段仅通过抗抑郁药物治疗或与认知行为疗法(CBT)结合从慢性或复发性重度抑郁发作中康复。在美国3个大学医学中心的研究诊所进行的2期试验中。2期患者被随机分配接受抗抑郁药物的维持治疗或退出治疗,并随访3年。第一名患者于2003年8月进入第二阶段,最后一名患者于2009年10月开始进入第二阶段。最后一名患者于2012年8月完成第二阶段。分析了2013年12月至2018年12月的数据。干预措施维持抗抑郁药的治疗或退出抗抑郁药的治疗。主要结果和措施使用纵向间隔随访评估和持续恢复,MDD发作的复发。结果总共292名参与者(171名女性和121名男性;平均[SD]年龄为45.1 [12.9]岁)被纳入了抑郁症复发分析。不管患者在第一阶段接受单药治疗是否已恢复,抗抑郁药物维持率与停药率相比均较低(维持率分别为48.5%和74.8%; z = -3.16; P = .002; z = -3.16; P = 0.002)。治疗[NNT]所需的人数,2.8; 95%CI,1.8-7.0)或联合疗法治疗(维持用药的比例为48.5%,而撤回用药的比例为76.7%; z = -3.49; P <.001; NNT,2.7; 95%CI,1.9-5.9)。维持与停药之间的关系与持续恢复率相关(z = 2.90; P = .004;优势比[OR]为2.54; 95%CI为1.37-4.84; NNT为2.3; 95%CI为1.5-6.4)。1期和2期治疗条件之间的相互作用也与持续恢复没有显着相关性(z = 0.30; P = 0.77; OR,1.14; 95%CI,0.49-2.88)。结论与相关性在这项研究中,维持单一疗法与抑郁症复发率降低相关。在没有单一疗法治疗的情况下提供CBT时,可观察到对抑郁复发的预防作用。目前尚不清楚CBT治疗是否对抑郁症复发有相似的作用,或者增加单药治疗是否会干扰任何这种预防作用。试用注册ClinicalTrial.gov标识符:NCT00057577。1.9-5.9)。维持与停药之间的关系与持续恢复率相关(z = 2.90; P = .004;优势比[OR]为2.54; 95%CI为1.37-4.84; NNT为2.3; 95%CI为1.5-6.4)。1期和2期治疗条件之间的相互作用也与持续恢复没有显着相关性(z = 0.30; P = 0.77; OR,1.14; 95%CI,0.49-2.88)。结论与相关性在这项研究中,维持单一疗法与抑郁症复发率降低相关。在没有单一疗法治疗的情况下提供CBT时,可观察到对抑郁复发的预防作用。目前尚不清楚CBT治疗是否对抑郁症复发有相似的作用,或者增加单药治疗是否会干扰任何这种预防作用。试用注册ClinicalTrial.gov标识符:NCT00057577。1.9-5.9)。维持与停药之间的关系与持续恢复率相关(z = 2.90; P = .004;优势比[OR]为2.54; 95%CI为1.37-4.84; NNT为2.3; 95%CI为1.5-6.4)。1期和2期治疗条件之间的相互作用也与持续恢复没有显着相关性(z = 0.30; P = 0.77; OR,1.14; 95%CI,0.49-2.88)。结论与相关性在这项研究中,维持单一疗法与抑郁症复发率降低相关。在没有单一疗法治疗的情况下提供CBT时,可观察到对抑郁复发的预防作用。目前尚不清楚CBT治疗是否对抑郁症复发有相似的作用,或者增加单药治疗是否会干扰任何这种预防作用。试用注册ClinicalTrial.gov标识符:NCT00057577。维持与停药之间的关系与持续恢复率相关(z = 2.90; P = .004;优势比[OR]为2.54; 95%CI为1.37-4.84; NNT为2.3; 95%CI为1.5-6.4)。1期和2期治疗条件之间的相互作用也与持续恢复没有显着相关性(z = 0.30; P = 0.77; OR,1.14; 95%CI,0.49-2.88)。结论与相关性在这项研究中,维持单一疗法与抑郁症复发率降低相关。在没有单一疗法治疗的情况下提供CBT时,可观察到对抑郁复发的预防作用。目前尚不清楚CBT治疗是否对抑郁症复发有相似的作用,或者增加单药治疗是否会干扰任何这种预防作用。试用注册ClinicalTrial.gov标识符:NCT00057577。维持与停药之间的关系与持续恢复率相关(z = 2.90; P = .004;优势比[OR]为2.54; 95%CI为1.37-4.84; NNT为2.3; 95%CI为1.5-6.4)。1期和2期治疗条件之间的相互作用也与持续恢复没有显着关联(z = 0.30; P = 0.77; OR,1.14; 95%CI,0.49-2.88)。结论与相关性在这项研究中,维持单一疗法与抑郁症复发率降低相关。在没有单一疗法治疗的情况下提供CBT时,可观察到对抑郁复发的预防作用。目前尚不清楚CBT治疗是否对抑郁症复发有相似的作用,或者增加单药治疗是否会干扰任何这种预防作用。试用注册ClinicalTrial.gov标识符:NCT00057577。
更新日期:2020-03-05
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