Detection of microplastics using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) operated in single-event mode,Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

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Detection of microplastics using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) operated in single-event mode
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019/12/04 , DOI: 10.1039/c9ja00379g
Eduardo Bolea-Fernandez _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Ana Rua-Ibarz _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Milica Velimirovic _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Kristof Tirez _{5,

6} , Frank Vanhaecke _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5}

Affiliation

The occurrence of microplastics in many, if not all environmental compartments is a matter of increasing concern and deserves proper attention. However, there is still a lack of analytical tools for straightforward monitoring of these tiny plastic particles at environmentally relevant levels in water. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) operated in single-particle mode (SP-ICP-MS) was demonstrated to be a powerful technique for the characterization of metallic nanoparticles, but to the best of the authors' knowledge, SP-ICP-MS has not yet been evaluated for the purpose of detection of microplastics and their quantitative determination (particle number density). In this work, spherical polystyrene microspheres of 1 and 2.5 μm – to mimic microplastics coming from plastic waste – have been detected using ICP-MS. The approach developed relies on the ultra-fast monitoring of transient signals (with a dwell time of 100 μs) when using a quadrupole-based ICP-MS unit in the so-called single-event mode and registering the signal spikes produced by individual microparticles by monitoring the signal intensity at a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 13 (¹³C⁺). The accuracy of the number-based concentration results (particle number densities) has been assessed by comparing the number of events detected when monitoring ¹³C⁺ to those detected when monitoring ¹⁶⁵Ho⁺ for 2.5 μm lanthanide-doped polystyrene beads. Additionally, the results obtained for both polystyrene microspheres in terms of size (most frequently occurring intensity of the signal distribution) compare well with the size as determined using electron microscopy. ICP-MS operated in single-event mode thus allows information on both the size distribution and mass concentration of microplastics to be obtained. As this approach makes use of instrumentation already available in many routine labs analyzing environmental samples, it can enable these labs to analyze microplastics by using their instrument in single-event mode.

中文翻译：

使用单事件模式下的电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）检测微塑料

在许多（如果不是全部）环境隔室中出现微塑料，这是一个越来越令人关注的问题，应引起适当注意。但是，仍然缺乏用于直接监测水中与环境相关的这些微小塑料颗粒的分析工具。已证明以单颗粒模式运行的电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）（SP-ICP-MS）是表征金属纳米颗粒的强大技术，但据作者所知，SP-尚未对ICP-MS进行微塑料检测和定量测定（颗粒数密度）的目的进行评估。在这项工作中，已使用ICP-MS检测到1和2.5μm的球形聚苯乙烯微球，以模拟塑料废物产生的微塑料。m / z）为13（¹³ C ⁺）。通过比较监测¹³ C ⁺时检测到的事件数与监测¹⁶⁵ Ho ⁺时检测到的事件数，评估了基于数量的浓度结果（颗粒数密度）的准确性。用于掺杂2.5μm镧系元素的聚苯乙烯珠。另外，两个聚苯乙烯微球在尺寸（信号分布中最频繁出现的强度）方面获得的结果与使用电子显微镜确定的尺寸相比较。因此，以单事件模式运行的ICP-MS可以获取有关微塑料的尺寸分布和质量浓度的信息。由于这种方法利用了许多常规实验室在分析环境样品中已经可用的仪器，因此可以使这些实验室通过在单事件模式下使用它们的仪器来分析微塑料。

更新日期：2020-03-12

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