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Nutritional rickets: Historic overview and plan for worldwide eradication.
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105563
Roger Bouillon 1 , Leen Antonio 1
Affiliation  

Rickets was first described in great detail in the mid 17th century and was affecting a great number of children in major European cities. The disease, however, existed already in the Roman times. The etiology of this disease remained enigmatic until the 1920s when two different mechanisms, lack of exposure to sunlight and lack of a dietary factor were finally solved by the discovery of vitamin D and its dual origin. Soon thereafter, the implementation of vitamin D supplementation for all infants and small children largely eliminated nutritional rickets in Europe and North America. It took nearly a century to elucidate the complex chemistry, metabolism, mode and spectrum of activity of the vitamin D endocrine system. Nutritional rickets, whether due to simple vitamin D or calcium deficiency or both, remains widely ravaging many infants and children around the world. Asian countries and the Middle East are mainly confronted with vitamin D deficiency whereas many African and some Asian countries face calcium deficiency rickets. Immigrants and refugees or in general people with a darker skin living in moderate climate zone are also confronted with this disease. There is great consensus how this disease could be prevented or cured. In collaboration with most international professional societies, we prepare a memorandum, in line with the successful battle against iodine deficiency disorders, to convince the World Health Organization and its member states to start an implementation program to eradicate nutritional rickets by 2030.

中文翻译:

营养性rick病:历史性概述和全球根除计划。

cket病最早是在17世纪中叶被详细描述的,它正在影响欧洲主要城市中的大量儿童。然而,这种疾病早在罗马时代就已经存在。直到1920年代,由于发现维生素D及其双重来源,终于解决了两种不同的机制,即缺乏阳光照射和饮食因素,该病的病因一直是谜。此后不久,在欧洲和北美,对所有婴幼儿实施维生素D补充剂在很大程度上消除了营养性病。用了近一个世纪的时间来阐明维生素D内分泌系统的复杂化学,新陈代谢,活性模式和活性谱。营养性病,无论是由于单纯的维生素D或钙缺乏症,还是两者兼而有之,仍然在全世界范围内肆虐着许多婴儿和儿童。亚洲国家和中东地区主要面临维生素D缺乏症,而许多非洲和一些亚洲国家则面临钙缺乏症病。移民和难民,或者一般来说,肤色较深,生活在温和气候区的人也面临这种疾病。如何预防或治愈这种疾病已达成共识。我们与大多数国际专业协会合作,根据与碘缺乏病的成功斗争,准备了一份备忘录,以说服世界卫生组织及其成员国开始实施到2030年消除营养rick病的实施计划。亚洲国家和中东地区主要面临维生素D缺乏症,而许多非洲和一些亚洲国家则面临钙缺乏症病。移民和难民,或者一般来说,肤色较深,生活在温和气候区的人也面临这种疾病。如何预防或治愈这种疾病已达成共识。我们与大多数国际专业协会合作,根据与碘缺乏病的成功斗争,准备了一份备忘录,以说服世界卫生组织及其成员国开始实施到2030年消除营养rick病的实施计划。亚洲国家和中东地区主要面临维生素D缺乏症,而许多非洲和一些亚洲国家则面临钙缺乏症病。移民和难民,或者一般来说,肤色较深,生活在温和气候区的人也面临这种疾病。如何预防或治愈这种疾病已达成共识。我们与大多数国际专业协会合作,根据与碘缺乏病的成功斗争,准备了一份备忘录,以说服世界卫生组织及其成员国开始实施到2030年消除营养rick病的实施计划。移民和难民,或者一般来说,肤色较深,生活在温和气候区的人也面临这种疾病。如何预防或治愈这种疾病已达成共识。我们与大多数国际专业协会合作,根据与碘缺乏病的成功斗争,准备了一份备忘录,以说服世界卫生组织及其成员国开始实施到2030年消除营养rick病的实施计划。移民和难民,或者一般来说,肤色较深,生活在温和气候区的人也面临这种疾病。如何预防或治愈这种疾病已达成共识。我们与大多数国际专业协会合作,根据与碘缺乏病的成功斗争,准备了一份备忘录,以说服世界卫生组织及其成员国开始实施到2030年消除营养rick病的实施计划。
更新日期:2019-12-03
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