It is unclear whether nutritional vitamin D supplementation in vitamin d-deficient persons improves arterial stiffness. To conduct a meta-analysis of the effects of the nutritional vitamin D therapy on arterial stiffness in adults with vitamin D deficiency, the Scopus, PUBMED, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for systematic reviews conducted up to October 5, 2018. Randomized clinical trials that compared nutritional vitamin D therapy with placebo in adults with vitamin D deficiency were eligible. Two reviewers independently evaluated eligibility of all retrieved studies based on titles and abstracts. Meta-analysis was performed using random effect or fixed effects model and inverse variance method was used to calculate the effect using standardized mean difference (SMD) and weighted mean difference. A leave-one-out method was used for sensitivity analysis. The main outcome was arterial stiffness, indicated by the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). We identified 237 records, of which 9 satisfied the inclusion criteria of the study. Our meta-analysis included relatively high-quality placebo-controlled randomized trials. In a random-effects model, nutritional vitamin D was associated with significant reductions in the pooled difference of PWV [(SMD: -0.29; 95 % CI: -0.51 to -0.06), p = 0.01; Cochran's Q test: chi2 = 21.85; df = 9; p = 0.009; I2 = 59 %; n = 909 from 9 studies]. All sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. Nutritional vitamin D supplementation significantly improved arterial stiffness (PWV) in several subgroups by correcting vitamin D deficiency, for a study duration of ≥4 months and a daily dose of vitamin D3 ≥ 2000 IU. The study indicated that the correction of vitamin D deficiency by nutritional vitamin D supplementation may improve arterial stiffness in vitamin d-deficient persons, especially by the correction of vitamin D deficiency with a daily dose of vitamin D3 ≥ 2000 IU. However, further studies are required to confirm this.

中文翻译：

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纠正维生素D缺乏症对动脉僵硬度的影响：随机对照试验的系统评价和最新的荟萃分析。

目前尚不清楚维生素D缺乏者的营养维生素D补充剂是否能改善动脉僵硬度。为了对营养维生素D治疗对患有维生素D缺乏的成年人的动脉僵硬的影响进行荟萃分析，搜索了Scopus，PUBMED，EMBASE和Cochrane数据库，以进行截至2018年10月5日的系统评价。比较维生素D缺乏症成人的营养性维生素D治疗与安慰剂的试验是合格的。两名审稿人根据标题和摘要独立评估了所有检索到的研究的资格。使用随机效应或固定效应模型进行荟萃分析，并使用逆方差法使用标准化均值差（SMD）和加权均值差来计算效应。留一法用于敏感性分析。主要结局是动脉僵硬，由颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度（PWV）表示。我们确定了237条记录，其中9条满足研究的纳入标准。我们的荟萃分析包括相对高质量的安慰剂对照随机试验。在随机效应模型中，营养性维生素D与PWV合并差异的显着降低有关[（SMD：-0.29; 95％CI：-0.51至-0.06），p = 0.01; Cochran的Q检验：chi2 = 21.85；df = 9; p = 0.009；I2 = 59％；来自9项研究的n = 909]。所有敏感性分析均得出相似的结果。营养维生素D补充剂可通过纠正维生素D缺乏症显着改善几个亚组的动脉僵硬度（PWV），研究持续时间≥4个月，每日维生素D3≥2000 IU。研究表明，通过补充营养维生素D来纠正维生素D缺乏症可以改善缺乏维生素D的人的动脉僵硬度，尤其是通过每天摄入维生素D3≥2000 IU来纠正维生素D缺乏症。但是，需要进一步的研究来确认这一点。