OBJECTIVE Reading fluency deficits characteristic for reading disorders (RD; F81.0) have been shown to be strongly associated with slow naming speed (e.g. in rapid automatized naming tasks). In contrast, children with an isolated spelling disorder in the context of unimpaired reading skills (iSD; F81.1) show naming speed task performances that are similar to typically developing (TD) children. However, the exact nature of the naming speed deficit and its relation to RD and the question whether children with iSD are also on the neurophysiological level similar to TD children is still unresolved. METHODS The time-course and scalp topography of event-related potentials (ERP) activity recorded during a delayed digit-naming task was investigated in ten-year-old children with RD and iSD compared to a TD group. RESULTS ERP activity differed between the RD and the TD group at around 300 ms after stimulus presentation (left occipito-temporal P2). In contrast, there were no neurophysiological differences between the TD and the iSD group. The P2 component correlated with behavioural performance on the RAN task. CONCLUSIONS Slow naming speed in RD might result from a slowed-down access and prolonged processing of the word (lexical) form. SIGNIFICANCE The study establishes a relation between neurophysiological processes of naming tasks and RD.

中文翻译：

---

阅读和拼写障碍的命名过程：电生理学调查

目标 阅读障碍的阅读流畅性缺陷（RD；F81.0）已被证明与缓慢的命名速度（例如在快速自动命名任务中）密切相关。相比之下，在阅读技能未受损 (iSD; F81.1) 背景下患有孤立性拼写障碍的儿童表现出与典型发育 (TD) 儿童相似的命名速度任务表现。然而，命名速度缺陷的确切性质及其与 RD 的关系以及 iSD 儿童是否也在神经生理学水平上与 TD 儿童相似的问题仍未解决。方法 与 TD 组相比，在 RD 和 iSD 的 10 岁儿童中调查了在延迟数字命名任务期间记录的事件相关电位 (ERP) 活动的时间过程和头皮地形。结果 刺激呈现后约 300 ms（左枕颞 P2），RD 组和 TD 组的 ERP 活动不同。相比之下，TD 和 iSD 组之间没有神经生理学差异。P2 组件与 RAN 任务的行为表现相关。结论 RD 中缓慢的命名速度可能是由于词（词法）形式的访问速度减慢和处理时间过长造成的。意义 该研究建立了命名任务的神经生理过程与 RD 之间的关系。结论 RD 中缓慢的命名速度可能是由于词（词法）形式的访问速度减慢和处理时间过长造成的。意义 该研究建立了命名任务的神经生理过程与 RD 之间的关系。结论 RD 中缓慢的命名速度可能是由于词（词法）形式的访问速度减慢和处理时间过长造成的。意义 该研究建立了命名任务的神经生理过程与 RD 之间的关系。