The effectiveness of doping control in sport has been improved continuously during the past 50 years. One of the major steps forward was the introduction of unannounced and targeted out‐of‐competition testing in order to control the misuse of anabolic‐androgenic steroids (AAS), mainly during the end of the 1980s. It also led to the misuse of masking agents in case a surprise control was performed. Athletes tried to be “prepared”, when the doping control officer showed up. The disclosure of the masking agent probenecid in 1987 is a perfect example of a memorable finding, of a suspected and purported case of performance manipulation. Probenecid and its metabolites were identified in five urine samples collected from Norwegian athletes in an out‐of‐competition test, while they were staying and training in the USA. Probenecid is a drug that reduces the urinary excretion of AAS from the body. It was the first time that it had showed up in a doping control sample. The athletes were sanctioned for hampering the analysis of their urine sample, although probenecid was not yet specified on the Prohibited List. Its detection was the result of a successful collaboration of laboratories and investigative diligence and enthusiasm following up suspicious observations in the actual samples. Immediately afterwards probenecid was added to the Prohibited List for 1988 as well as including the manipulation of doping control samples.

中文翻译：

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Probenecid故事-通过竞争外测试在对抗兴奋剂方面取得了成功。

在过去的50年中，运动中兴奋剂控制的有效性不断提高。向前迈出的主要步骤之一是引入了未经宣布的针对性竞争试验，以控制主要在1980年代末滥用同化雄激素类固醇（AAS）。万一执行了意外控制，这也导致了掩蔽剂的滥用。当兴奋剂检查官出现时，运动员试图“做好准备”。1987年公开的掩蔽剂丙磺舒是一个令人难忘的发现，可疑和据称的性能操纵案例的完美例子。当他们在美国逗留和训练时，在一项非竞争性测试中，从挪威运动员收集的五个尿液样本中鉴定出丙磺舒及其代谢物。丙磺舒是一种减少人体中AAS尿排泄的药物。这是它第一次出现在掺杂对照样品中。运动员因妨碍其尿液样品分析而受到制裁，尽管尚未在禁用清单中指定丙磺舒。它的检测是实验室之间成功合作以及调查勤奋和热情跟进实际样品中可疑观察结果的结果。此后立即将丙磺舒添加到1988年的禁用清单中，并且包括对掺杂对照样品的操作。尽管尚未在Prohibited List中指定丙磺舒。它的检测是实验室之间成功合作以及调查勤奋和热情跟进实际样品中可疑观察结果的结果。此后立即将丙磺舒添加到1988年的《禁用清单》中，并且包括对掺杂对照样品的操作。尽管尚未在Prohibited List中指定丙磺舒。它的检测是实验室之间成功合作以及调查勤奋和热情跟进实际样品中可疑观察结果的结果。此后立即将丙磺舒添加到1988年的《禁用清单》中，并且包括对掺杂对照样品的操作。