BACKGROUND The interconnections between health and the economy are well known and well documented. The funding gap for realizing SDG3 for good health and well-being, however, remains vast. Simultaneously, economic growth, as expressed and measured in SDG8, continues to leave many people behind. In addition, international financial institutions, notably the International Monetary Fund (IMF), continue to influence the economic and social policies that countries adopt in ways that could undermine achievement of the SDGs. We examine the incoherence between the economic growth and health goals of the SDGs with reference to three East African countries, Malawi, Uganda, and Tanzania, where our organization has been working with partner organizations on SDG related policy analysis and advocacy work. RESULTS In all three study countries, some health indicators, notably infant and child mortality, show improvement, but other indicators are lagging behind. Underfunding of the health sector is a major cause for poor health of the population and inequities in access to health care. GDP increases (as a measure of economic growth) do not automatically translate to increases in the countries' health spending. Health expenditure from domestic public resources remains much lower than the internationally recommended minimum of USD 86 per capita. To achieve this level of health spending from domestic resources only, GDP in these countries would require an unrealistic manifold increase. External aid is proving insufficient to close the funding gap. IMF policy advice and loan conditionality that focus on GDP growth and tight monetary and fiscal targets impair growth in health and social sector spending, while recommended taxation measures are generally regressive. CONCLUSIONS The existence of the GDP-focused SDG8 can delay efforts towards the achievement of the SDG3 for health and well-being if governments choose to focus on GDP growth without taking sufficient measures to equally distribute wealth and invest in the social sectors, often under the influence of policies advised or conditions put in place by the IMF. Although the IMF has started to acknowledge the importance of social development, its policy advice still adheres to austerity and pro-cyclical economic development harming a country's population health. To realize the SDGs everywhere, governments should abandon GDP growth as a policy objective and place more emphasis on SDG17 on global co-operation.

中文翻译：

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“健康的经济”有多健康？当前通往SDG3和SDG8的途径之间不兼容。

背景技术健康与经济之间的相互联系是众所周知的并且有据可查。然而，为实现SDG3的良好健康和福祉，资金缺口仍然很大。同时，可持续发展目标8所表达和衡量的经济增长继续使许多人落在后面。此外，国际金融机构，特别是国际货币基金组织（IMF），继续以可能破坏实现可持续发展目标的方式影响各国采取的经济和社会政策。我们参考了三个东非国家，马拉维，乌干达和坦桑尼亚，对可持续发展目标的经济增长与健康目标之间的不一致进行了研究，我们的组织一直在该国与合作伙伴组织就可持续发展目标相关的政策分析和宣传工作进行合作。结果在所有三个研究国家中，一些健康指标（尤其是婴儿和儿童死亡率）显示有所改善，但其他指标则落后。卫生部门资金不足是造成人口健康状况差以及获得保健服务不平等的主要原因。GDP的增长（作为经济增长的一种衡量标准）不会自动转化为该国医疗保健支出的增长。来自国内公共资源的卫生支出仍然远远低于国际建议的人均86美元的最低要求。为了仅通过国内资源实现这一水平的卫生支出，这些国家的国内生产总值将需要不切实际的多种增长。事实证明，外部援助不足以弥补资金缺口。着眼于GDP增长以及紧缩的货币和财政目标的IMF政策建议和贷款条件限制会损害卫生和社会部门支出的增长，而建议的税收措施通常是渐进式的。结论如果政府选择不注重于国内生产总值的增长而又没有采取足够的措施来平等地分配财富和投资于社会部门，而通常是在政府的领导下，那么以GDP为中心的可持续发展目标8的存在可能会延迟为实现可持续发展目标3而做出的努力，以实现健康和福祉。国际货币基金组织建议的政策或条件的影响。尽管国际货币基金组织已经开始承认社会发展的重要性，但其政策建议仍然坚持紧缩政策和顺周期性的经济发展，损害一国的人口健康。为了实现各地的可持续发展目标，