Abstract Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized and developed for the preconcentration of three chlorophenols from wastewater by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME). The analyte concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The hydrophobic DESs were prepared with the combination of hydrogen bond donors of decanoic acid or octanoic acid with different hydrogen bond acceptors of quaternary ammonium salts of tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetraoctylammonium chloride, methyltrioctylammonium chloride, and tetraheptylammonium chloride). Following the study of the stability and characterization by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the hydrophobic DESs were developed as extractants and employed for the removal of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) from wastewater. Using hydrophobic DESs as the microextraction solvents, several key parameters were optimized, including the type and volume of the hydrophobic DES, pH, and time of the extraction procedure. Under the optimized conditions, good recoveries from 90.8% to 93.0% were obtained for the three chlorophenols. The limits of detection were less than 0.05 µg/mL with relative standard deviations between 1.8% and 3.1%. The method was applied for the isolation and determination of synthetic chlorophenols in wastewater.

中文翻译：

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疏水性低共熔溶剂分散液-液微萃取法预浓缩和测定废水中的氯酚

摘要 疏水性低共熔溶剂（DESs）被合成和开发用于通过分散液液微萃取（DLLME）从废水中预浓缩三种氯酚。分析物浓度通过高效液相色谱法 (HPLC) 确定。疏水性DESs由癸酸或辛酸的氢键供体与四丁基氯化铵、四辛基氯化铵、甲基三辛基氯化铵和四庚基氯化铵的不同氢键受体结合制备。在通过傅里叶变换红外光谱研究稳定性和表征之后，疏水性 DES 被开发为萃取剂，用于去除 4-氯苯酚 (4-CP)、2,4-二氯苯酚 (2,4-DCP) 和2,4, 来自废水的 6-三氯苯酚 (2,4,6-TCP)。使用疏水性 DES 作为微萃取溶剂，优化了几个关键参数，包括疏水性 DES 的类型和体积、pH 值和提取程序的时间。在优化的条件下，三种氯酚均获得了 90.8% 至 93.0% 的良好回收率。检测限小于 0.05 µg/mL，相对标准偏差在 1.8% 和 3.1% 之间。该方法用于废水中合成氯酚的分离测定。三种氯酚的含量为 0%。检测限小于 0.05 µg/mL，相对标准偏差在 1.8% 和 3.1% 之间。该方法用于废水中合成氯酚的分离测定。三种氯酚的含量为 0%。检测限小于 0.05 µg/mL，相对标准偏差在 1.8% 和 3.1% 之间。该方法用于废水中合成氯酚的分离测定。