Background

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a malignant tumour derived from the para-follicular thyroid C cells. It may occur in sporadic or hereditary forms and surgery represent the primary cure.

Methods

Ultrasound examination and, in selected cases, cross-sectional anatomic imaging procedures, are adopted to stage the disease before primary surgery while different anatomic/morphologic and functional/molecular imaging procedures can be adopted in detecting persistent/recurrent disease. Positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals including fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG), fluorine-18 dihydroxyphenylalanine (¹⁸F-FDOPA) and somatostatin analogues labelled with gallium-68 (⁶⁸Ga-SSA) tracks different metabolic pathways or receptor expression/functioning, and proved to be useful in detecting MTC recurrences/metastasis.

Conclusions

This practice guideline from the Thyroid Committee of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM), with involvement of external experts, provides recommendations based on updated literature’s evidences. The purpose of this practice guideline is to assist imaging specialists and clinicians in recommending, performing and interpreting the results of PET/CT with various radiopharmaceuticals in patients with MTC.

中文翻译：

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EANM甲状腺髓样癌PET / CT成像实践指南。

背景

甲状腺髓样癌（MTC）是源自滤泡旁甲状腺C细胞的恶性肿瘤。它可能以散发性或遗传性形式发生，外科手术是主要的治愈方法。

方法

在初次手术之前，采用超声检查以及在特定情况下采用横截面解剖成像程序对疾病进行分期，同时可以采用不同的解剖/形态学和功能/分子成像程序来检测持续性/复发性疾病。发射正电子的放射性药物，包括氟18氟脱氧葡萄糖（¹⁸ F-FDG），氟18二羟基苯丙氨酸（¹⁸ F-FDOPA）和用镓68标记的生长抑素类似物（⁶⁸ Ga-SSA）跟踪不同的代谢途径或受体表达/功能，以及被证明可用于检测MTC复发/转移。

结论

欧洲核医学协会（EANM）甲状腺委员会的这一实践指南在外部专家的参与下，根据最新文献证据提供了建议。本操作指南的目的是协助影像专家和临床医生推荐，执行和解释MTC患者使用各种放射性药物进行PET / CT的结果。