BACKGROUND Simultaneous advances in gene editing, T cell engineering and biotechnology currently provide an opportunity for rapid progress in medicine. The approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission have generated substantial momentum for these first-in-class therapies to be used in patients with B cell malignancies. MAIN BODY Considerable efforts focus on improved outcomes and reduced side effects of the newly approved therapies. Using innovative strategies, researchers aim to extend CAR T cell use to tackle difficulties inherent in solid tumors. Efforts are underway to broaden the applications of CAR T cells, and the strategy has been successful in chronic viral infections and preclinical models of autoimmunity. Research is in progress to generate "off-the-shelf" CAR T cells, an advance, which would greatly increase patient availability and reduce treatment cost. CONCLUSIONS In this thematic review, we highlight advances that may help develop genetically engineered cells into a new category of medical therapies.

中文翻译：

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调整CAR T细胞免疫疗法的性能。

背景技术基因编辑，T细胞工程和生物技术的同时进步目前为医学的快速发展提供了机会。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和欧盟委员会对嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T细胞疗法的批准，为将此类一流疗法用于B细胞恶性肿瘤患者，已经产生了可观的动力。主体大量的精力集中在改善新批准的疗法的疗效和减少副作用上。研究人员旨在通过创新策略扩展CAR T细胞的使用，以解决实体瘤固有的难题。正在努力扩大CAR T细胞的应用范围，并且该策略已在慢性病毒感染和自身免疫的临床前模型中获得成功。研究正在进行中，以产生“