Despite it being an important issue in the context of climate change, for most plant species it is not currently known how abiotic stresses affect nuclear proteomes and mediate memory effects. This study examines how Pinus radiata nuclei respond, adapt, ‘remember’, and ‘learn’ from heat stress. Seedlings were heat-stressed at 45 °C for 10 d and then allowed to recover. Nuclear proteins were isolated and quantified by nLC-MS/MS, the dynamics of tissue DNA methylation were examined, and the potential acquired memory was analysed in recovered plants. In an additional experiment, the expression of key gene genes was also quantified. Specific nuclear heat-responsive proteins were identified, and their biological roles were evaluated using a systems biology approach. In addition to heat-shock proteins, several clusters involved in regulation processes were discovered, such as epigenomic-driven gene regulation, some transcription factors, and a variety of RNA-associated functions. Nuclei exhibited differential proteome profiles across the phases of the experiment, with histone H2A and methyl cycle enzymes in particular being accumulated in the recovery step. A thermopriming effect was possibly linked to H2A abundance and over-accumulation of spliceosome elements in recovered P. radiata plants. The results suggest that epigenetic mechanisms play a key role in heat-stress tolerance and priming mechanisms.

中文翻译：

---

辐射松核蛋白质组的综合分析揭示了热引发与表观遗传调控的耦合


尽管这是气候变化背景下的一个重要问题，但对于大多数植物物种来说，目前尚不清楚非生物胁迫如何影响核蛋白质组并介导记忆效应。这项研究考察了辐射松细胞核如何对热应激做出反应、适应、“记忆”和“学习”。幼苗在 45°C 下热应激 10 d，然后恢复。通过 nLC-MS/MS 分离和定量核蛋白，检查组织 DNA 甲基化的动态，并分析恢复植物中潜在的获得性记忆。在另一项实验中，还对关键基因的表达进行了定量。鉴定了特定的核热响应蛋白，并使用系统生物学方法评估了它们的生物学作用。除了热休克蛋白之外，还发现了几个参与调控过程的簇，例如表观基因组驱动的基因调控、一些转录因子和各种RNA相关功能。在实验的各个阶段，细胞核表现出不同的蛋白质组谱，尤其是组蛋白 H2A 和甲基循环酶在恢复步骤中积累。热引发效应可能与恢复的辐射松植物中 H2A 丰度和剪接体元素的过度积累有关。结果表明，表观遗传机制在热应激耐受和启动机制中发挥着关键作用。