Wild rodents are an important source of the tick-borne pathogens Coxiella burnetii and Francisella tularensis. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of antibodies and possible coexistence of these pathogens in wild small mammals from three localities in the Czech Republic. A total of 614 wild small mammals (324 Apodemus flavicollis, 145 Myodes glareolus, 50 Sorex araneus, 48 A. sylvaticus, 40 A. agrarius, six Microtus arvalis and one Talpa europaea) were trapped between 2012 and 2015. Their sera or heart extracts were examined by modified indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, with the detection of antibodies against C. burnetii and F. tularensis in 12 % and 7 % of animals, respectively; coinfection was identified in 4.4 % of animals. The prevalence of C. burnetii and F. tularensis antibodies statistically differed according to animal species and sex (p < 0.05); the seroprevalence of C. burnetii (p < 0.05) also differed in the sampling period. The highest prevalence of antibodies against C. burnetii and F. tularensis was detected in the case of M. glareolus (24 % and 14 %, respectively).

野生啮齿动物是壁虱传播的病原体柯氏杆菌和土氏弗朗西斯菌的重要来源。我们研究的目的是评估捷克共和国三个地方的野生小型哺乳动物中抗体的流行程度以及这些病原体的可能共存。共有614种野生小型哺乳动物（324个姬flavicollis，145 Myodes glareolus，50个鼩鼱，48个A.小林，40只A.鼠，六个田鼠arvalis和一个TALPA油橄榄）被困在2012年至2015年之间。通过改良的间接酶联免疫吸附法检测他们的血清或心脏提取物，分别在12％和7％的动物中检测到针对伯氏梭菌和图拉菌的抗体；在4.4％的动物中发现了共感染。根据动物种类和性别，伯氏梭状芽胞杆菌和土拉氏梭状芽胞杆菌抗体的流行率有统计学差异（p <0.05）；伯氏梭菌的血清阳性率（p <0.05）在采样期间也有所不同。针对抗体的发生率最高贝氏柯克斯和土拉弗朗西斯菌中的情况下检测到M. glareolus （分别为24％和14％）。