Objective To examine the relationship between pubertal timing (using measures of height tempo) and proximal femur shape in a large adolescent cohort. Methods Hip DXA scans were obtained in offspring from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. To quantify hip morphology, the images were analyzed using Shape software based on a 53-point statistical shape model and independent modes of variation (hip shape mode (HSM) scores) for each image were generated. Height tempo (which corresponds to age at peak height velocity (aPHV)) was estimated from serial height measurements collected between age 5–20 years. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine cross-sectional associations between height tempo and the top ten HSMs at age 14 and 18, adjusting for sex and fat mass index (FMI). Results Complete outcome and covariate data were available from 3827 and 3507 participants at age 14 and 18 years, respectively. Mean aPHV was 13.5 and 11.8 years for males and females, respectively. At age 14, height tempo was associated with a majority of modes, except for HSM4 and there was strong evidence of interaction by sex. In males, all modes showed evidence of an association with tempo, independent of FMI, with the strongest observed for HSM8 (adjusted β 0.38 (0.33, 0.43) p = 4.1 × 10−50). Compared with males, the associations were generally weaker in females, with the strongest effect observed for HSM8 (adjusted β 0.10 (0.05, 0.14) p = 1.6 × 10−5). The overall effect of later pubertal timing on proximal femur shape in males was a narrower femoral neck and larger superolateral head, whereas in females these changes were hard to discern. When assessed at age 18, there was little relationship between tempo and proximal femur shape in either sex. Conclusion Our results indicate that significant changes in hip shape occur during puberty, including aspects of shape which may be related to future risk of hip OA and/or fracture. However, puberty timing per se does not appear to exert long lasting effects on proximal femur shape.

中文翻译：

---

青春期时间（以身高节奏反映）对股骨近端形状的影响：基于青少年人群的研究结果


目的 在大型青少年队列中检查青春期时间（使用身高节奏测量）与股骨近端形状之间的关系。方法 从雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究中获得后代的髋部 DXA 扫描。为了量化髋部形态，使用基于 53 点统计形状模型的 Shape 软件对图像进行分析，并生成每个图像的独立变异模式（髋部形状模式 (HSM) 分数）。身高节奏（对应于峰值身高速度 (aPHV) 的年龄）是根据 5-20 岁之间收集的连续身高测量值估算的。使用多变量线性回归来检查身高节奏与 14 岁和 18 岁时排名前十的 HSM 之间的横截面关联，并根据性别和脂肪质量指数 (FMI) 进行调整。结果 完整的结果和协变量数据分别来自 3827 名 14 岁和 3507 名 18 岁参与者。男性和女性的平均 aPHV 分别为 13.5 岁和 11.8 岁。 14 岁时，身高节奏与除 HSM4 之外的大多数模式相关，并且有强有力的证据表明性别之间存在相互作用。在男性中，所有模式都显示出与节奏相关的证据，与 FMI 无关，其中 HSM8 观察到的最强（调整后的 β 0.38 (0.33, 0.43) p = 4.1 × 10−50）。与男性相比，女性中的相关性普遍较弱，HSM8 的影响最强（调整后的 β 0.10 (0.05, 0.14) p = 1.6 × 10−5）。青春期延迟对男性股骨近端形状的总体影响是股骨颈变窄和上外侧骨头变大，而在女性中这些变化很难辨别。在 18 岁时进行评估时，无论男女，节奏和股骨近端形状之间几乎没有关系。 结论 我们的结果表明，青春期期间髋部形状发生显着变化，包括可能与未来髋部 OA 和/或骨折风险相关的形状方面。然而，青春期时机本身似乎不会对股骨近端形状产生长期持续的影响。