Interplay between the nervous and immune systems is critical for homeostasis, and its dysfunction underlies pathologies such as multiple sclerosis, autism, leukemia, and inflammation. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides an opportunity to define evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of regulation of host innate immunity and inflammation in a genetically tractable whole-animal system. In the past few years, the C. elegans nervous system has emerged as an integral part of host defense against pathogens, acting through diverse mechanisms to repress or induce protective transcriptional responses to infection in distal tissues. In this review, we discuss current knowledge of the mechanisms through which the C. elegans nervous system controls the expression of host defense genes in the intestinal epithelium. Although still incomplete, the insights derived from such work have broad implications for neural regulation of epithelial function at mucosal barriers in higher organisms in health and disease.

中文翻译：

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秀丽隐杆线虫肠道宿主防御的神经系统控制。

神经系统和免疫系统之间的相互作用对于体内平衡至关重要，其功能障碍是诸如多发性硬化症，自闭症，白血病和炎症等病理现象的基础。线虫秀丽隐杆线虫提供了一个机会，可以在遗传上可控的全动物系统中定义进化上保守的宿主先天免疫和炎症调节机制。在过去的几年中，秀丽隐杆线虫神经系统已经成为宿主抵抗病原体的重要组成部分，它通过多种机制来抑制或诱导对远端组织感染的保护性转录反应。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了线虫神经系统控制肠道上皮中宿主防御基因表达的机制的当前知识。虽然还不完整，