Nanotechnology, the investigation of little structures, ranging from the size of 1 nm-100 nm presents a breakthrough in the field of targeted drug delivery. The microvasculature in the human brain along with the blood brain barrier (BBB) offers high resistance to the entry of therapeutics agents and other substances in to the brain. Nanoparticles have certain advantages as high permeability, reactivity, surface area and quantum properties and it also meets various medical challenges which may include poor bioavailability, difficulty in targeting, organ toxicity etc. The use of nanoparticles in pharmaceuticals has been inspired by various natural nanomaterials found in the body, which includes proteins, lipids etc. A brief explanation of different types of pharmaceutical approaches used in brain drug delivery is discussed here. Nanotechnology is used treatment of many illnesses which also include diseases related to the brain such as gliomas, epilepsy, migraine, cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease etc., Different type of nanoparticles are prepared, such as polymer-based nanoparticles, metallic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, lipid-based nanoparticles, ceramic nanoparticles semiconductor nanoparticles and are studied for their usefulness in drug delivery. The primary function of nanoparticles is to deliver drug moiety to the desired targeted site by overcoming permeability issues. The shape, size and surface area nanoparticles help in increasing the bioavailability, drug retention and multiple drug delivery. Mechanisms of nanoparticles crossing BBB can be divided into passive and active transport, are briefly explained.

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使用纳米材料进行脑部药物递送的方法：当前状态。

纳米技术是对微小结构的研究，范围从1 nm到100 nm不等，这是靶向药物输送领域的一项突破。人脑中的微脉管系统以及血脑屏障（BBB）对治疗剂和其他物质进入脑部具有很高的抵抗力。纳米颗粒具有高渗透性，反应性，表面积和量子性质等优点，并且还遇到了许多医学挑战，包括生物利用度差，靶向困难，器官毒性等。纳米颗粒在药物中的使用受到各种天然纳米材料的启发在体内，包括蛋白质，脂质等。本文讨论了用于脑部药物递送的不同类型药物方法的简要说明。纳米技术用于治疗许多疾病，其中还包括与脑有关的疾病，例如神经胶质瘤，癫痫，偏头痛，脑血管疾病，帕金森氏病等。制备了不同类型的纳米颗粒，例如基于聚合物的纳米颗粒，金属纳米颗粒，碳纳米管。纳米颗粒，脂质纳米颗粒，陶瓷纳米颗粒，半导体纳米颗粒，并对其在药物递送中的用途进行了研究。纳米颗粒的主要功能是通过克服通透性问题将药物部分递送至所需的靶向位点。纳米颗粒的形状，大小和表面积有助于增加生物利用度，药物保留和多种药物递送。简要解释了纳米粒子穿过BBB的机理，可以分为被动和主动转运。