Abstract The Black Sea is one of the largest land-locked basins in the world. Due to the vulnerability of its unique marine ecosystem, accurate long-term modelling of its hydrodynamics is needed. In this study, we first compare the skills of four NEMO based Black Sea models in a free-run which use different discretization schemes. We find that the most accurate results are obtained with the model (named CUR-ME s ) which has a 3D mesh optimized for the prevailing dynamics. This new model uses a curvilinear horizontal grid with increased resolution ( ≈ 950 m ) over the shelf-break and lower resolution ( ≈ 6 k m ) in areas where the scale of relevant processes is larger ( ≈ 20 k m ). In the vertical, CUR-MEs uses Multi-Envelope curved s-levels designed to optimize the representation of the Cold Intermediate Layer (CIL). Second, we compare CUR-MEs in free-run with the data-assimilative CMEMS reanalysis. Validation against independent observations shows that the two models have similar skills - e.g., the difference between the mean BIAS and RMSE of the two models is ≈ 0 . 15 ° C for temperature and ≈ 0 . 07 for salinity. The CUR-MEs model, even without data assimilation, is able to correctly reproduce the details of the variability of the Mean Kinetic Energy and the CIL.

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开发 3D 计算网格以改进动态过程的表示：黑海测试案例

摘要 黑海是世界上最大的内陆盆地之一。由于其独特的海洋生态系统的脆弱性，需要对其流体动力学进行准确的长期建模。在这项研究中，我们首先比较了四种基于 NEMO 的黑海模型在自由运行中使用不同离散化方案的技能。我们发现最准确的结果是使用模型（命名为 CUR-ME s ）获得的，该模型具有针对主流动力学优化的 3D 网格。这个新模型使用曲线水平网格，其分辨率在大陆架断裂处增加（≈ 950 m），在相关过程规模较大（≈ 20 km）的区域中分辨率降低（≈ 6 km）。在垂直方向，CUR-ME 使用多包络曲线 s 级，旨在优化冷中间层 (CIL) 的表示。第二，我们将自由运行的 CUR-ME 与数据同化 CMEMS 再分析进行比较。对独立观察的验证表明，这两个模型具有相似的技能——例如，两个模型的平均 BIAS 和 RMSE 之间的差异 ≈ 0 。15 °C 的温度和 ≈ 0 . 07 盐度。即使没有数据同化，CUR-MEs 模型也能够正确再现平均动能和 CIL 变化的细节。