Given its unique optical properties, the Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) process that couples donor- and acceptor-fluorophores has been extensively applied to analyze a variety of substances. Moreover, the exploitation of nanomaterials has injected fresh energy into FRET development in recent decades. The present study provides an overview of state-of-the-art technology being used in oligonucleotide-based assays with output displays in relation to the FRET process. Specifically, published investigations conducted over the last decade are reviewed. Two aspects of analytes, nucleic acids and nonnucleic acids, are discussed separately; for each, we focus on six principal materials of the donor and acceptor and summarize their absorption and emission properties. The number of articles in each category is also considered to highlight trends in FRET development. Appreciable attention is paid to detailing the recognition mechanism that uses oligonucleotides and the FRET process between donor and acceptor. Sensing performance in existing studies is summarized as well. Finally, three developments in perspective are highlighted, revealing the superior and cost-effective control of FRET efficiency with respect to practical assays.

鉴于其独特的光学特性，耦合供体和受体荧光团的Förster共振能量转移（FRET）工艺已广泛用于分析多种物质。此外，近几十年来，纳米材料的开发为FRET的发展注入了新的能量。本研究概述了基于寡核苷酸的测定中使用的最新技术，并具有与FRET过程相关的输出显示。具体而言，对过去十年中进行的公开调查进行了审查。分别讨论了分析物的两个方面，即核酸和非核酸。对于每种化合物，我们着眼于供体和受体的六种主要材料，并总结了它们的吸收和发射特性。每个类别中的文章数量也被认为突出了FRET发展的趋势。应特别注意详细介绍使用寡核苷酸的识别机制以及供体和受体之间的FRET过程。还总结了现有研究中的传感性能。最后，重点介绍了三个方面的发展，揭示了相对于实际分析，FRET效率的优越且具有成本效益的控制。