We present results obtained with a new soft X-ray spectrometer based on transition-edge sensors (TESs) composed of Mo/Cu bilayers coupled to bismuth absorbers. This spectrometer simultaneously provides excellent energy resolution, high detection efficiency, and broadband spectral coverage. The new spectrometer is optimized for incident X-ray energies below 2 keV. Each pixel serves as both a highly sensitive calorimeter and an X-ray absorber with near unity quantum efficiency. We have commissioned this 240-pixel TES spectrometer at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource beamline 10-1 (BL 10-1) and used it to probe the local electronic structure of sample materials with unprecedented sensitivity in the soft X-ray regime. As mounted, the TES spectrometer has a maximum detection solid angle of 2 × 10-3 sr. The energy resolution of all pixels combined is 1.5 eV full width at half maximum at 500 eV. We describe the performance of the TES spectrometer in terms of its energy resolution and count-rate capability and demonstrate its utility as a high throughput detector for synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy. Results from initial X-ray emission spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments obtained with the spectrometer are presented.

中文翻译：

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斯坦福同步辐射光源光束线 10-1 上带有过渡边缘传感器的软 X 射线光谱仪

我们展示了使用基于过渡边缘传感器 (TES) 的新型软 X 射线光谱仪获得的结果，该传感器由与铋吸收剂耦合的 Mo/Cu 双层组成。该光谱仪同时提供出色的能量分辨率、高检测效率和宽带光谱覆盖范围。新型光谱仪针对低于 2 keV 的入射 X 射线能量进行了优化。每个像素既可用作高灵敏度的热量计，又可用作具有接近统一量子效率的 X 射线吸收器。我们在斯坦福同步辐射光源光束线 10-1 (BL 10-1) 上使用了这台 240 像素的 TES 光谱仪，并用它在软 X 射线范围内以前所未有的灵敏度探测样品材料的局部电子结构。安装后，TES 光谱仪的最大检测立体角为 2 × 10-3 sr。所有像素组合的能量分辨率为 1.5 eV 半高全宽，500 eV。我们描述了 TES 光谱仪在其能量分辨率和计数率能力方面的性能，并展示了其作为基于同步加速器的 X 射线光谱仪的高通量探测器的实用性。介绍了使用光谱仪获得的初始 X 射线发射光谱和共振非弹性 X 射线散射实验的结果。