This study investigated the influence of gut microbiome composition in modulating susceptibility to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs. Thirty-two conventional M. hyopneumoniae free piglets were randomly selected from six different litters at 3 weeks of age and were experimentally inoculated with M. hyopneumoniae at 8 weeks of age. Lung lesion scores (LS) were recorded 4 weeks post-inoculation (12 weeks of age) from piglet lungs at necropsy. Fecal bacterial community composition of piglets at 3, 8 and 12 weeks of age were targeted by amplifying the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. The LS ranged from 0.3 to 43% with an evident clustering of the scores observed in piglets within litters. There were significant differences in species richness and alpha diversity in fecal microbiomes among piglets within litters at different time points (p < 0.05). The dissimilarity matrices indicated that at 3 weeks of age, the fecal microbiota of piglets was more dissimilar compared to those from 8 to 12 weeks of age. Specific groups of bacteria in the gut that might predict the decreased severity of M. hyopneumoniae associated lesions were identified. The microbial shift at 3 weeks of age was observed to be driven by the increase in abundance of the indicator family, Ruminococcaceae in piglets with low LS (p < 0.05). The taxa, Ruminococcus_2 having the highest richness scores, correlated significantly between litters showing stronger associations with the lowest LS (r = -0.49, p = 0.005). These findings suggest that early life gut microbiota can be a potential determinant for M. hyopneumoniae susceptibility in pigs.

中文翻译：

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猪肠道菌群对猪肺炎支原体敏感性的影响。

这项研究调查了肠道微生物组组成对猪猪肺炎支原体敏感性的调节作用。在3周龄时从六个不同的窝中随机选择32头常规猪肺炎支原体仔猪，并在8周龄时用猪肺炎支原体进行实验接种。尸检时从仔猪肺中接种后4周（12周龄）记录肺损伤评分（LS）。通过扩增16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区来靶向3、8和12周龄仔猪的粪便细菌群落组成。最小二乘法的范围从0.3％到43％，而在窝内的仔猪中观察到的分数明显聚集。在不同时间点，仔猪仔猪粪便微生物群的物种丰富度和α多样性存在显着差异（p <0.05）。相异度矩阵表明，与8至12周龄相比，在3周龄时，仔猪的粪便微生物群相异程度更高。确定了可以预测猪肺炎支原体相关病变严重程度降低的肠内特定细菌群。在低LS仔猪中观察到3周龄时的微生物迁移是由指示物家族Ruminococcaceae的丰度增加引起的（p <0.05）。具有最高丰富度得分的分类单元Ruminococcus_2与显示最低LS的较强关联的凋落物之间显着相关（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。与8至12周龄的仔猪相比，仔猪的粪便微生物群更为不同。确定了可以预测猪肺炎支原体相关病变严重程度降低的肠道中特定细菌群。在低LS仔猪中观察到3周龄时的微生物迁移是由指示物家族Ruminococcaceae的丰度增加引起的（p <0.05）。具有最高丰富度得分的分类单元Ruminococcus_2与显示最低LS的较强关联的凋落物之间显着相关（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。与8至12周龄的仔猪相比，仔猪的粪便微生物群更为相似。确定了可以预测猪肺炎支原体相关病变严重程度降低的肠道中特定细菌群。在低LS仔猪中观察到3周龄时的微生物迁移是由指示物家族Ruminococcaceae的丰度增加引起的（p <0.05）。具有最高丰富度得分的分类单元Ruminococcus_2与显示最低LS的较强关联的凋落物之间显着相关（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。确定了可以预测猪肺炎支原体相关病变严重程度降低的肠道中特定细菌群。在低LS仔猪中观察到3周龄时的微生物迁移是由指示物家族Ruminococcaceae的丰度增加引起的（p <0.05）。具有最高丰满度得分的分类单元Ruminococcus_2与表现出与最低LS关联更强的凋落物之间具有显着相关性（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。确定了可以预测猪肺炎支原体相关病变严重程度降低的肠道中特定细菌群。在低LS仔猪中观察到3周龄时的微生物迁移是由指示物家族Ruminococcaceae的丰度增加引起的（p <0.05）。具有最高丰富度得分的分类单元Ruminococcus_2与显示最低LS的较强关联的凋落物之间显着相关（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。具有最高丰富度得分的Ruminococcus_2与表现出与最低LS的较强关联的凋落物之间显着相关（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。具有最高丰富度得分的Ruminococcus_2与表现出与最低LS的较强关联的凋落物之间显着相关（r = -0.49，p = 0.005）。这些发现表明，早期肠道菌群可能是猪猪肺炎支原体易感性的潜在决定因素。